Vishnu Sahasranama: Names 513 to 764, with Meaning

जीवः jīvaḥ

The living one; the life that holds the breath in all beings.

Shankara: He holds the life-breaths as the knower of the field (kṣetrajña), the conscious self in the body, and so is called jīva. (p. 104)

Dictionary: jīva, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 422, col. 2 “the principle of life, vital breath, the living or personal soul (as distinguished from the universal soul, see jīvâtman)”

विनयितासाक्षी vinayitāsākṣī

The witness of all guidance; he sees directly how every being is led and trained.

Shankara: Shankara reads one name: vinayitā is 'the state of guiding or disciplining', and he sees it in all creatures directly (sākṣāt), so he is its witness. Or two words: vinayitā, 'the one who leads', from the root nī, and asākṣī, 'not a witness', because he sees nothing apart from his own Self. (p. 104)

Dictionary: vi-√nī, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 971, col. 3 “to train, tame, guide (horses), MBh.; Kāv. &c.; to educate, instruct, direct”; sākṣin, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1198, col. 1 “seeing with the eyes, observing, witnessing; an eye-witness”

मुकुन्दः mukundaḥ

Giver of freedom (mukti).

Shankara: He gives mukti, freedom. The form of the word is explained as an irregular one, and the etymologists (nairukta) explain mukunda from the likeness of its sounds to these words. (p. 104)

Dictionary: mukunda, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 819, col. 2 “N. of Vishṇu (sometimes transferred to Śiva)”

अमितविक्रमः amitavikramaḥ

One whose strides, or whose valour, cannot be measured.

Shankara: His three strides (the steps of the Vamana story) have no limit; or his valour has no measure. (p. 104)

Dictionary: amita-vikrama, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 81, col. 3 “'of unbounded valour,' a N. of Vishṇu”

अम्भोनिधिः ambhonidhiḥ

The store of the waters; the ocean.

Shankara: The 'waters' (ambhāṃsi) are, by a Vedic text, the four kinds of beings: gods, humans, ancestors and asuras; all of them rest in him. Or he is the ocean itself, as Krishna says in the Gita: "Of lakes, I am the ocean." (p. 104)

Dictionary: ambho-nidhi, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 84, col. 1 “the ocean”

अनन्तात्मा anantātmā

The endless Self.

Shankara: He is not limited by place, by time or by any other thing, so his Self is endless. (p. 105)

Dictionary: anantātman, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 25, col. 1 “the infinite spirit”

महोदधिशयः mahodadhiśayaḥ

He who lies on the great ocean.

Shankara: He draws all beings back into himself, makes the world one ocean, and lies on that great ocean. (p. 105)

Dictionary: mahodadhi, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 802, col. 2 “the gr° ocean, a gr° sea (4 in number)”; śaya, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1055, col. 3 “lying, sleeping, resting, abiding”

अन्तकः antakaḥ

He who brings things to their end.

Shankara: He makes an end (anta) of beings. Shankara explains the grammar of the form. (p. 105)

Dictionary: antaka, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 43, col. 1 “making an end, causing death; (as), m. death; Yama, king or lord of death”

अजः ajaḥ

The unborn; also, the one from whom Kama was born.

Shankara: Here Shankara reads a as Vishnu: Kama (desire) was born (ja) from 'a', that is, from Vishnu, so Kama is called aja, and the name is given to Vishnu as his source. (p. 105)

Dictionary: a-ja, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 9, col. 3 “not born, existing from all eternity; (ás), m., N. of the first uncreated being, RV.; AV.; Brahmā, Vishṇu, Śiva, Kāma”

महार्हः mahārhaḥ

Most worthy of worship.

Shankara: Mahas means worship; he deserves (arha) it. (p. 105)

Dictionary: mahārha, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 800, col. 1 “very worthy or deserving, very valuable or precious, splendid”

स्वाभाव्यः svābhāvyaḥ

He who is what he is by his own nature.

Shankara: His form is eternally complete, so he does not need to be brought into being: he is so by his own nature. (p. 105)

Dictionary: svābhāvya, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1283, col. 3 “self-existent, existing spontaneously (said of Vishṇu)”

जितामित्रः jitāmitraḥ

He who has conquered his enemies.

Shankara: He has conquered the enemies within, such as desire and hatred, and the enemies outside, such as Ravana, Kumbhakarna and Shishupala. (p. 105)

Dictionary: jitāmitra, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 420, col. 3 “one who has conquered his enemies, triumphant, MārkP. xxxiv, 113; m. Vishṇu, L.”

प्रमोदनः pramodanaḥ

He who rejoices, and who gladdens others.

Shankara: He always rejoices, tasting the nectar of his own Self; or he gladdens those who meditate on him, by their meditation alone. (p. 105)

Dictionary: pra-modana, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 686, col. 3 “making glad, exhilarating, MBh.”

आनन्दः ānandaḥ

Joy itself.

Shankara: Joy (ānanda) is his very nature. Shankara cites the Upanishad: other beings live on a small part of this joy. (p. 105)

Dictionary: ā-nanda, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 139, col. 3 “happiness, joy, enjoyment”

नन्दनः nandanaḥ

He who gives joy.

Shankara: He makes others glad. (p. 105)

Dictionary: nandana, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 526, col. 3 “rejoicing, gladdening ...; N. of Vishṇu or Śiva, MBh.”

नन्दः nandaḥ

He who is full of every good thing; in another reading, the one beyond worldly pleasure.

Shankara: Nanda: he is rich in every kind of fulfilment. Shankara's printed verse reads nandano 'nandaḥ, and he also explains anandaḥ: he has no pleasure that comes from the senses, for, as the Upanishad says, there is no joy in what is small; the joy is in the infinite. (pp. 105–106)

Dictionary: nanda, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 526, col. 3 “joy, delight, happiness (also pl.) ...; N. of Vishṇu, MBh.”

सत्यधर्मा satyadharmā

He whose dharma is true.

Shankara: His qualities, such as dharma and knowledge, are true (real). (p. 106)

Dictionary: satya-dharman, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1136, col. 1 “one whose ordinances are true, RV.; TS.; AV.; TBr.; adhering to or speaking the truth”

त्रिविक्रमः trivikramaḥ

He of the three strides.

Shankara: His three strides went over the three worlds, as the Veda says, "He strode three steps." Shankara also cites the Harivamsha: the three worlds are called 'tri', and because he strides over them all he is Trivikrama. (p. 106)

Dictionary: tri-vikrama, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 460, col. 2 “the 3 steps (of Vishṇu), R. vi; Kum. (in comp.); mfn. or m. who strided over the 3 worlds in 3 steps (Vishṇu)”

महर्षिः कपिलाचार्यः maharṣiḥ kapilācāryaḥ

The great sage Kapila, the teacher.

Shankara: Shankara reads these two words as one name with its qualifier. He is the great sage because he sees the whole Veda, while other sages see a part of it. As Kapila he is the teacher of Sankhya, which a text of Vyasa calls the pure knowledge of the Self. (p. 106)

Dictionary: maharṣi, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 794, col. 2 “a great Ṛishi, any great sage or saint”; kapila, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 250, col. 3 “N. of an ancient sage”; ācārya, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 131, col. 3

कृतज्ञः kṛtajñaḥ

He who knows what is made; he who knows the world and the Self.

Shankara: Kṛta, 'what is made', is the world; jña, 'the knower', is the Self. He is both. (pp. 106–107)

Dictionary: kṛta-jña, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 302, col. 1 “knowing what is right, correct in conduct, MBh. xii, 104, 6; acknowledging past services or benefits, mindful of former aid or favours”

मेदिनीपतिः medinīpatiḥ

Lord of the earth.

Shankara: Medinī is the earth; he is its lord. (p. 107)

Dictionary: medinī-pati, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 832, col. 3 “'earth-lord,' a king, prince”

त्रिपदः tripadaḥ

He of three steps.

Shankara: He has three steps (pada), as the Veda says, "He strode three steps." (p. 107)

Dictionary: tri-pada, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 459, col. 1 “three-footed”

त्रिदशाध्यक्षः tridaśādhyakṣaḥ

Overseer of the three states (waking, dream and deep sleep).

Shankara: Shankara reads tri-daśā, 'the three states': waking and the others, which arise when the guṇas enter. He is their overseer (adhyakṣa). (p. 107)

Dictionary: tri-daśa, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 458, col. 3 “the 3 × 10 (in round number for 3 × 11) deities”; adhy-akṣa, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 23, col. 1 “an inspector, superintendent”

महाशृङ्गः mahāśṛṅgaḥ

He of the great horn (the Fish).

Shankara: In the form of the Fish he tied the boat to his great horn and played in the ocean of the great flood. (p. 107)

Dictionary: mahā-śṛṅga, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 801, col. 1 “a species of stag, L.”

कृतान्तकृत् kṛtāntakṛt

He who ends what is made; or he who cuts down death.

Shankara: He makes an end, that is the dissolution, of what is made (kṛta); or he cuts down (kṛntati) Kṛtānta, death. (p. 107)

Dictionary: kṛtānta, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 303, col. 1 “causing an end, bringing to an end, leading to a decisive termination”

महावराहः mahāvarāhaḥ

The great Boar.

Shankara: He is great, and he is the Boar. (p. 107)

Dictionary: mahā-varāha, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 800, col. 2 “'great boar,' N. of Vishṇu in his boar incarnation”

गोविन्दः govindaḥ

He who is found through words (go); Govinda.

Shankara: Go here means words. He is reached, or known, through the sentences of the Vedanta. Shankara cites the Vishnu-tilaka: he is called Govinda because he is known through words alone. (p. 107)

Dictionary: go-vinda, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 366, col. 3 “Krishṇa (or Vishṇu)”

सुषेणः suṣeṇaḥ

He who has a fine host.

Shankara: His army, made of his attendant hosts (gaṇa), is fine. (p. 107)

Dictionary: su-ṣeṇa, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1237, col. 3 “having a good missile (said of Kṛishṇa and Indra) ...; m. N. of Vishṇu, MBh.”

कनकाङ्गदी kanakāṅgadī

He who wears golden armlets.

Shankara: His armlets (aṅgada) are made of gold. (p. 107)

Dictionary: kanakāṅgada, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 248, col. 3 “a golden bracelet”; aṅgadin, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1309, col. 2 “wearing a bracelet”

गुह्यः guhyaḥ

The hidden one.

Shankara: He is known through the secret teaching, the Upanishads; or he is hidden in the cave of the heart, the space within. (p. 107)

Dictionary: guhya, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 360, col. 3 “to be covered or concealed or hidden or kept secret ...; N. of Vishṇu (RTL. p. 106), W.”

गभीरः gabhīraḥ

The deep one.

Shankara: He is deep in knowledge, lordship, strength and valour. (p. 107)

Dictionary: gabhīra, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 346, col. 2 “deep”

गहनः gahanaḥ

Hard to enter or to fathom.

Shankara: He is hard to enter. Or he is the witness of the three states of the mind (waking, dream, sleep), of their coming and their going. (pp. 107–108)

Dictionary: gahana, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 352, col. 1 “deep, dense, thick, impervious, impenetrable, inexplicable, hard to be understood”

गुप्तः guptaḥ

The concealed one, beyond word and mind.

Shankara: Speech and mind do not reach him. Shankara cites the Upanishad: this Self is hidden in all beings and does not shine forth. (p. 108)

Dictionary: gupta, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 359, col. 1 “protected, guarded, preserved, AV. &c.; hidden, concealed, kept secret, secret”

चक्रगदाधरः cakragadādharaḥ

Bearer of the discus and the mace.

Shankara: To protect the world he holds the discus, which stands for the principle of mind, and the mace, which stands for the principle of intellect (buddhi). (p. 108)

Dictionary: gadā-dhara, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 344, col. 3 “bearing a club ...; m. Kṛishṇa (cf. kaumodakī), BhP. i, 8, 39”

वेधाः vedhāḥ

The creator, the one who arranges all.

Shankara: Vedhāḥ means vidhātā, the creator; the form is accepted as an irregular one. (p. 108)

Dictionary: vedhas, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1018, col. 1 “an arranger, disposer, creator (esp. applied to Brahmā”

स्वाङ्गः svāṅgaḥ

He who is his own instrument.

Shankara: In doing his work he himself is the limb (aṅga), the helper; he needs no other. (p. 108)

Dictionary: svāṅga, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1277, col. 2 “a limb of o° own body, o° own b°”

अजितः ajitaḥ

The unconquered.

Shankara: In none of his descents (avatāra) was he conquered by anyone. (p. 108)

Dictionary: a-jita, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 10, col. 2 “not conquered, unsubdued, unsurpassed, invincible, irresistible; ... N. of Vishṇu”

कृष्णः kṛṣṇaḥ

Krishna Dvaipayana, that is, Vyasa.

Shankara: Here Kṛṣṇa is Krishna Dvaipayana, Vyasa. Shankara cites the Vishnu Purana: know Krishna Dvaipayana Vyasa to be the Lord Narayana, for who else but the lotus-eyed one could have made the Mahabharata? (p. 108)

Dictionary: kṛṣṇa, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 306, col. 2 “N. of a celebrated Avatār of the god Vishṇu, or sometimes identified with Vishṇu himself”

दृढः dṛḍhaḥ

The firm one.

Shankara: He never slips from his own nature and power. (p. 108)

Dictionary: dṛḍha, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 490, col. 2 “fixed, firm, hard”

संकर्षणोऽच्युतः saṃkarṣaṇo’cyutaḥ

He who draws all beings in, and never falls from his nature.

Shankara: Shankara reads one name with its qualifier: at the time of dissolution he draws in (saṃkarṣati) all creatures at once, and he never falls (na cyavate) from his own nature. (p. 108)

Dictionary: saṃ-karṣaṇa, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1126, col. 2 “N. of Bala-deva or Bala-rāma (also called Halâyudha [q.v.], the elder brother of Kṛishṇa”; a-cyuta, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 9, col. 2 “not fallen; firm, solid; imperishable, permanent; ...; (as), m., N. of Vishṇu; of Kṛishṇa”

वरुणः varuṇaḥ

Varuna; the setting sun that draws in its rays.

Shankara: The sun at evening, which draws in (saṃvaraṇa) its own rays, is called Varuna; Shankara cites the Vedic verse that calls on Varuna. (p. 108)

Dictionary: varuṇa, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 921, col. 2 “he is often regarded as the supreme deity, being then styled 'king of the gods' or 'king of both gods and men' or 'king of the universe;'”

वारुणः vāruṇaḥ

Son of Varuna: Vasishtha or Agastya.

Shankara: Varuna's son, Vasishtha or Agastya, is called Vāruṇa; he too is Vishnu. (p. 108)

Dictionary: vāruṇa, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 944, col. 3 “relating or belonging or sacred to or given by Varuṇa”

वृक्षः vṛkṣaḥ

He who stands still like a tree.

Shankara: He stands unmoving like a tree. Shankara cites the Upanishad: like a tree he stands firm in heaven, the One. (p. 109)

Dictionary: vṛkṣa, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1008, col. 2 “a tree”

पुष्कराक्षः puṣkarākṣaḥ

Lotus-eyed; he who shines in the lotus of the heart.

Shankara: Shankara derives the word from the root akṣ, 'to pervade', with puṣkara. Or, when he is meditated on in the lotus of the heart, he shines there in his own form. (p. 109)

Dictionary: puṣkarākṣa, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 638, col. 3 “l°-eyed, MBh.; m. N. of Vishṇu”

महामनाः mahāmanāḥ

Great of mind.

Shankara: He does the work of making, keeping and ending the world by his mind alone; Shankara cites the Vishnu Purana for this. (p. 109)

Dictionary: mahā-manas, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 798, col. 3 “gr°-minded, high-m°, magnanimous”

भगवान् bhagavān

The Lord who has the six bhagas: lordship, dharma, fame, fortune, detachment and freedom.

Shankara: Bhaga is the name for six things together: full lordship, dharma, fame, fortune, detachment and freedom (mokṣa). He has them, so he is Bhagavān. Shankara also cites the Vishnu Purana: he who knows the arising and the end of beings, their coming and going, knowledge and ignorance, is to be called Bhagavān. (p. 109)

Dictionary: bhagavat, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 743, col. 3 “'the divine or adorable one,' N. of Vishṇu-Kṛishṇa, Bhag.; BhP.”

भगहा bhagahā

He who takes back the six qualities at the dissolution.

Shankara: At the time of dissolution he destroys (hanti) lordship and the other bhagas. (p. 109)

Dictionary: bhaga-han, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 743, col. 3 “'slayer of Bhaga,' N. of Śiva (transferred to Vishṇu), MBh. xiii, 7009”

आनन्दी ānandī

He who is joy, and is rich in every good thing.

Shankara: He is joy (sukha) by nature. Or he is full of every kind of wealth and good fortune. (p. 109)

Dictionary: ā-nandin, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 140, col. 1 “delightful, blissful, happy, cheerful, Kathās.; gladdening, making happy”

वनमाली vanamālī

He who wears the forest garland.

Shankara: He wears the forest garland called Vaijayantī, which stands for the subtle elements (tanmātra) of the world. (p. 109)

Dictionary: vana-mālin, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 918, col. 1 “= -māla (said of Vishṇu-Kṛishṇa), MBh.; Kāv. &c.”

हलायुधः halāyudhaḥ

He whose weapon is the plough; Balarama.

Shankara: The plough is his weapon: he in the form of Balabhadra (Balarama). (p. 109)

Dictionary: halāyudha, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1293, col. 1 “'pl°-weaponed,' N. of Bala-rāma (see above; also transferred to Vishṇu-Kṛishṇa), MBh.; Hariv.”

आदित्यः ādityaḥ

Son of Aditi: Vamana, the dwarf.

Shankara: He was born of Aditi, from Kashyapa, in the form of Vamana. (pp. 109–110)

Dictionary: āditya, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 137, col. 2 “N. of Vishṇu in his Vāmana or dwarf avatāra (as son of Kaśyapa and Aditi), ChUp.”

ज्योतिरादित्यः jyotirādityaḥ

The one who abides in the light of the sun's orb.

Shankara: He abides in the light (jyotis), the orb of the sun. (p. 110)

Dictionary: jyotis, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 427, col. 3 “du. sun and moon, Gobh. iii, 3, 18; Śatr. i, 28; pl. the heavenly bodies, planets and stars, Mn.; Bhag. &c.”; āditya, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 137, col. 2 “N. of a god in general, especially of Sūrya (the sun), RV.”

सहिष्णुः sahiṣṇuḥ

He who bears all pairs of opposites.

Shankara: He bears the pairs of opposites, such as cold and heat. (p. 110)

Dictionary: sahiṣṇu, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1193, col. 2 “patient, forbearing; bearing, enduring, putting up with (acc., gen., or comp.)”

गतिसत्तमः gatisattamaḥ

The goal of all, and the best of all.

Shankara: He is the goal (gati) and he is the best (sattama). (p. 110)

Dictionary: gati, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 347, col. 3 “refuge, resource, Mn. viii, 84; R.; Kathās., Vet. iv, 20”; sat-tama, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1134, col. 3 “very good or right, the best, first, chief of (gen. or comp.)”

सुधन्वा sudhanvā

He who has a fine bow.

Shankara: He has the fine bow Śārṅga, which is made of the senses and the rest. (p. 110)

Dictionary: su-dhanvan, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1225, col. 2 “having an excellent bow, RV. &c. &c.; ... N. of Vishṇu, L.”

खण्डपरशुः khaṇḍaparaśuḥ

He whose axe cuts down his foes; Parashurama.

Shankara: His axe cuts his enemies to pieces (khaṇḍana), in the form of Jamadagni's son. Or his axe is unbroken (akhaṇḍa). (p. 110)

Dictionary: khaṇḍa-paraśu, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 336, col. 1 “'cutting (his foes) to pieces with an axe,' Śiva; Vishṇu, Vishṇ.”

दारुणः dāruṇaḥ

Stern to those who oppose the good path.

Shankara: He is harsh toward those who stand against the good path. (p. 110)

Dictionary: dāruṇa, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 476, col. 1 “hard, harsh (opp. mṛidu), ŚBr.; MBh.; Suśr.; rough, sharp, severe, cruel, pitiless”

द्रविणप्रदः draviṇapradaḥ

Giver of wealth to his devotees.

Shankara: He gives his devotees the wealth (draviṇa) they wish for. (p. 110)

Dictionary: draviṇa, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 501, col. 1 “movable property (as opp. to house and field), substance, goods (m. pl. BhP. v, 14, 12), wealth, money”; pra-da, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 679, col. 3 “giving, yielding, offering, granting, bestowing, causing, effecting, uttering, speaking”

दिवःस्पृक् divaḥspṛk

He who touches the sky.

Shankara: He touches heaven (divaḥ sparśanāt). (p. 110)

Dictionary: diva-spṛś, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 478, col. 3 “(nom. spṛik) heaven-touching, MBh.”; divi-spṛś, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 479, col. 1 “heaven-touching, RV.; MBh.; BhP.”

सर्वदृग्व्यासः sarvadṛgvyāsaḥ

Vyasa, who spread out all knowledge; the all-seeing one who divided the Vedas.

Shankara: He spreads out (vyāsa) all knowledge (sarvadṛś). Or sarvadṛk is knowledge that takes every form, or he is the seeing of all; and he is Vyāsa because he divided the Veda four ways, the first into twenty-one branches, the second into a hundred and one, the Sāma Veda into a thousand and the Atharva Veda into nine, and divided the Puranas as well. (p. 110)

Dictionary: sarva-dṛś, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1185, col. 3 “all-seeing, Hariv.; BhP.; Pañcar.”; vy-āsa, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1035, col. 2 “'arranger, compiler,' N. of a celebrated mythical sage and author (often called Veda-vyāsa and regarded as the original compiler and arranger of the Vedas, Vedânta-sūtras &c.”

वाचस्पतिरयोनिजः vācaspatirayonijaḥ

Lord of speech and learning, not born from a womb.

Shankara: One name with its qualifier: he is lord of speech, that is of learning (vidyā), and he is not born from a mother. (p. 111)

Dictionary: vācas-pati, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 937, col. 2 “'lord of voice or speech,' N. of a divine being (presiding over human life which lasts as long as there is voice in the body; applied to Soma, Viśva-karman, Prajā-pati, Brahmā &c., but esp. to Bṛihas-pati, who is lord of eloquence”; a-yoni-ja, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 86, col. 1 “not born from the womb, not produced in the ordinary course of generation, generated equivocally, MBh. &c.”

त्रिसामा trisāmā

He who is praised with the three Samans.

Shankara: The Sama singers praise him with the three Samans called Devavrata. (p. 111)

Dictionary: tri-sāman, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 461, col. 2 “singing 3 Sāmans, MBh. xii.”

सामगः sāmagaḥ

The singer of the Saman.

Shankara: He sings the Saman. Shankara cites the Gita: "Of the Vedas I am the Sama Veda." (p. 111)

Dictionary: sāma-ga, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1205, col. 1 “a Brāhman who chants or recites the S°-veda, RV. &c. &c.”

साम sāma

The Sama Veda.

Shankara: He is the Sama Veda. (p. 111)

Dictionary: sāman, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1205, col. 1 “a metrical hymn or song of praise, (esp.) a partic. kind of sacred text or verse called a Sāman (intended to be chanted, and forming, with ṛic, yajus, chandas, one of the 4 kinds of Vedic composition mentioned first in RV. x, 90, 9)”

निर्वाणम् nirvāṇam

Nirvana: the highest bliss, where all sorrow ends.

Shankara: He is the highest bliss, marked by the end of all sorrow. (p. 111)

Dictionary: nir-vāṇa, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 557, col. 3 “extinction of the flame of life, dissolution, death or final emancipation from matter and re-union with the Supreme Spirit, MBh. &c. &c.”

भेषजम् bheṣajam

The medicine for the sickness of worldly life.

Shankara: He is the medicine for the disease of saṃsāra, the round of birth and death. (p. 111)

Dictionary: bheṣaja, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 766, col. 3 “a remedy, medicine, medicament, drug, remedy against (gen. or comp.), RV. &c. &c.”

भिषक् bhiṣak

The physician.

Shankara: In the Gita he taught the highest knowledge, which frees one from the disease of saṃsāra. Shankara cites the Veda: "I hear that you are the best physician among physicians." (p. 111)

Dictionary: bhiṣaj, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 757, col. 3 “m. a healer, physician”

संन्यासकृत् saṃnyāsakṛt

He who made the stage of renunciation.

Shankara: For the sake of freedom (mokṣa) he made the fourth stage of life (āśrama), renunciation. (p. 111)

Dictionary: saṃ-nyāsa, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1148, col. 1 “putting or throwing down, laying aside, resignation, abandonment of (gen. or comp.), MBh.; R.; Sarvad.; renunciation of the world, profession of asceticism”

शमः śamaḥ

He who teaches calm; or he who calms all beings.

Shankara: He teaches calm (śama), the chief means to knowledge for those who have renounced. Shankara cites a smṛti: calm is the dharma of ascetics, restraint of forest-dwellers, giving of householders and service of students. Or he calms all beings. (pp. 111–112)

Dictionary: śama, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1053, col. 3 “tranquillity, calmness, rest, equanimity, quietude or quietism, absence of passion”

शान्तः śāntaḥ

The peaceful one, untouched by pleasures.

Shankara: He is not attached to the pleasures of the senses. Shankara cites the Upanishad: without parts, without action, at peace. (p. 112)

Dictionary: śānta, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1064, col. 2 “appeased, pacified, tranquil, calm, free from passions, undisturbed, Up.; MBh. &c.”

निष्ठा niṣṭhā

The ground in which all beings rest at the dissolution.

Shankara: At the dissolution all beings remain fully (nitarām) in him alone. (p. 112)

Dictionary: ni-ṣṭhā, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 563, col. 1 “state, condition, position, Bhag.; firmness, steadiness, attachment, devotion, application”

शान्तिः śāntiḥ

Peace: the end of all ignorance.

Shankara: Peace is the ceasing of all ignorance (avidyā); he is that peace. (p. 112)

Dictionary: śānti, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1064, col. 3 “tranquillity, peace, quiet, peace or calmness of mind, absence of passion”

परायणम् parāyaṇam

The highest goal, from which there is no return.

Shankara: That same Brahman is the highest (para) place (ayana), free from any fear of coming back to birth. If the word is read in the masculine (parāyaṇaḥ), it is a compound meaning 'he whose goal is the highest'. (p. 112)

Dictionary: parāyaṇa, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 587, col. 3 “final end or aim, last resort or refuge, principal object”

शुभाङ्गः śubhāṅgaḥ

He whose form is beautiful.

Shankara: He takes on a beautiful body. (p. 112)

Dictionary: śubhāṅga, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1083, col. 3 “handsome-limbed (applied to Śiva), Śivag.”

शान्तिदः śāntidaḥ

Giver of peace.

Shankara: He gives peace, which is freedom from attachment, hatred and the like. (p. 112)

Dictionary: śānti-da, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1064, col. 3 “causing tranquillity or prosperity, VarBṛS.; N. of Vishṇu, RTL. 106, n. 1”

स्रष्टा sraṣṭā

The creator.

Shankara: At the beginning of creation he brought forth all beings. (p. 112)

Dictionary: sraṣṭṛ, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1274, col. 1 “a creator, the creator of the universe (applied to Brahmā, Śiva &c.), ŚvetUp.; R. &c.”

कुमुदः kumudaḥ

He who rejoices in the earth.

Shankara: Ku is the earth; he rejoices (modate) in it. (p. 112)

Dictionary: ku-muda, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 292, col. 3 “'exciting what joy,' the esculent white water-lily (Nymphæa esculenta), AV. iv, 34, 5; Suśr.; Śak. &c.; ... of an attendant of Skanda [MBh. ix, 2558] or of Vishṇu [BhP.]”

कुवलेशयः kuvaleśayaḥ

He who lies on the waters; he who rests on the serpent Shesha.

Shankara: Kuvala is water, which spreads over the earth (ku); he lies in it. Shankara gives two more readings: the serpent Takṣaka lies inside a jujube fruit (kuvala), and he too is Hari's glory; or kuvala is the coil of the serpents that rest on the earth, and he lies on the coil of Śeṣa. (p. 112)

Dictionary: kuvale-śaya, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 296, col. 3 “'resting on a water-lily,' N. of Vishṇu, MBh. xiii, 7012”

गोहितः gohitaḥ

He who does good to the cows and to the earth.

Shankara: He held up Mount Govardhana for the good of the cows. Or he took a body to lift the burden from the earth (go). (pp. 112–113)

Dictionary: hita, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1298, col. 2 “beneficial, advantageous, salutary, wholesome, suitable”

गोपतिः gopatiḥ

Lord of the earth.

Shankara: He is the lord (pati) of the earth (go). (p. 113)

Dictionary: go-pati, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 365, col. 2 “'earth-lord,' a king, L.; 'the chief of herdsmen,' Kṛishṇa or Vishṇu, MBh. xiii, 7002 & 7012”

गोप्ता goptā

The protector of the world; he who hides himself by his own maya.

Shankara: He protects the world. Or he covers his own Self with his own māyā. (p. 113)

Dictionary: goptṛ, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 368, col. 2 “one who preserves or protects or defends or cherishes, AV.; TS. vi; TBr.; ŚBr.”

वृषभाक्षः vṛṣabhākṣaḥ

He whose eyes shower every wish; he whose sight is dharma.

Shankara: His eyes rain down (varṣuka) all wishes. Or vṛṣabha is dharma, and dharma is his sight. (p. 113)

Dictionary: vṛṣabhākṣa, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1012, col. 3 “bull-eyed, MBh.; R.”

वृषप्रियः vṛṣapriyaḥ

He to whom dharma is dear.

Shankara: Dharma (vṛṣa) is dear to him; Shankara explains why the word 'dear' may stand second in the compound. Or he is both dharma and dear. (p. 113)

Dictionary: vṛṣa, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1012, col. 1 “Justice or Virtue personified as a bull or as Śiva's bull, Mn. viii, 16; Pur.; Kāvyâd.; just or virtuous act, virtue, moral merit”

अनिवर्ती anivartī

He who never turns back.

Shankara: He does not turn back from the war of the gods and the asuras. Or, because dharma is dear to him, he does not turn away from dharma. (p. 113)

Dictionary: a-nivartin, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 30, col. 2 “not turning back, brave, not returning”

निवृत्तात्मा nivṛttātmā

He whose mind has turned away from the objects of the senses.

Shankara: By his own nature his mind (ātman) has turned back from the objects of the senses. (p. 113)

Dictionary: ni-vṛttātman, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 560, col. 2 “'one whose spirit is abstracted,' a sage, W.; N. of Vishṇu, ib.”

संक्षेप्ता saṃkṣeptā

He who draws the world together into a subtle form.

Shankara: At the time of dissolution he draws the vast world together into a subtle form. (p. 113)

Dictionary: saṃ-kṣeptṛ, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1128, col. 1 “= °kshepaka, MBh.”; saṃ-kṣepaka, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1128, col. 1 “one who throws together, destroyer, MBh.”

क्षेमकृत् kṣemakṛt

He who keeps safe what has been gained.

Shankara: He protects what has been obtained (kṣema). (p. 113)

Dictionary: kṣema-kṛt, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 332, col. 3 “= -kara, Āp.; Cāṇ.”

शिवः śivaḥ

The pure one, who makes pure by his name.

Shankara: He makes people pure by the mere remembering of his name. Shankara closes the sixth hundred of names here. (p. 113)

Dictionary: śiva, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1074, col. 1 “propitious, gracious, favourable, benign, kind, benevolent, friendly, dear”

श्रीवत्सवक्षाः śrīvatsavakṣāḥ

He on whose chest is the Shrivatsa mark.

Shankara: The mark called Śrīvatsa is on his chest. (pp. 113–114)

Dictionary: śrī-vatsa, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1100, col. 1 “a partic. mark or curl of hair on the breast of Vishṇu or Kṛishṇa (and of other divine beings; said to be white and represented in pictures by a symbol resembling a cruciform flower), MBh.; Kāv. &c.”; vakṣas, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 911, col. 3 “the breast, bosom, chest, RV. &c. &c.”

श्रीवासः śrīvāsaḥ

He on whose chest Shri lives.

Shankara: Śrī lives on his chest and never leaves. (p. 114)

Dictionary: śrī-vāsa, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1100, col. 1 “'abode of Śrī or beauty,' N. of Vishṇu or Śiva, L.”

श्रीपतिः śrīpatiḥ

Husband of Shri.

Shankara: At the churning for the nectar, Śrī passed over all the gods and asuras and chose him as her husband. Or Śrī is the highest power (parā śakti) and he is her lord; Shankara cites the Upanishad: his highest power is heard to be of many kinds. (p. 114)

Dictionary: śrī-pati, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1099, col. 2 “'husband of Śrī,' (śriyaḥ pati) N. of Vishṇu-Kṛishṇa (esp. as worshipped on the hill Veṅkaṭa, q. v.), VarBṛS.; Śiś.; BhP.”

श्रीमतां वरः śrīmatāṃ varaḥ

The first of all who have Shri.

Shankara: Brahma and the others have Śrī in the form of the Rig, Yajur and Sama Vedas; he is the chief of them all. Shankara cites the Veda: the Ṛks, the Sāmans and the Yajus are the undying Śrī of the good. (p. 114)

Dictionary: śrī-mat, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1100, col. 2 “m. N. of Vishṇu, L.”; vara, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 922, col. 1 “valuable, precious, best, most excellent or eminent among (gen., loc., abl., or comp.)”

श्रीदः śrīdaḥ

Giver of Shri, good fortune.

Shankara: He gives Śrī to his devotees. (p. 114)

Dictionary: śrī-da, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1099, col. 1 “bestowing wealth or prosperity, Pañcar.”

श्रीशः śrīśaḥ

Lord of Shri.

Shankara: He is the lord (īśa) of Śrī. (p. 114)

Dictionary: śrīśa, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1100, col. 2 “'lord or husband of Śrī,' N. of Vishṇu, Prasaṅg.”

श्रीनिवासः śrīnivāsaḥ

He who lives in those who have Shri.

Shankara: He always lives in those who have Śrī; here the word 'Śrī' stands for the people who have it. (p. 114)

Dictionary: śrī-nivāsa, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1099, col. 2 “abode of Śrī, Kāv.; N. of Vishṇu, Chandom.; BhP.”

श्रीनिधिः śrīnidhiḥ

The store of all Shri.

Shankara: He holds every power, and all kinds of Śrī are stored in him. (p. 114)

Dictionary: śrī-nidhi, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1099, col. 2 “'receptacle of beauty,' N. of Vishṇu, Pañcar.”

श्रीविभावनः śrīvibhāvanaḥ

He who gives out Shri to beings by their deeds.

Shankara: He brings about (vibhāvayati) the many kinds of Śrī for all beings, each by its karma. (p. 114)

Dictionary: vi-bhāvana, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 978, col. 3 “causing to appear, developing, manifesting, Hariv.”

श्रीधरः śrīdharaḥ

He who bears Shri on his chest.

Shankara: He carries on his chest Śrī, the mother of all beings. (p. 114)

Dictionary: śrī-dhara, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1099, col. 2 “'bearer or possessor of fortune,' N. and a form of Vishṇu, MBh.; Hariv.; Pur.”

श्रीकरः śrīkaraḥ

He who makes Shri for those who remember him.

Shankara: He makes Śrī for the devotees who remember, praise and worship him. (p. 114)

Dictionary: śrī-kara, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1098, col. 3 “causing prosperity, giving good fortune, Hcat.; m. N. of Vishṇu, L.”

श्रेयः śreyaḥ

The lasting good.

Shankara: Śreyas is the gaining of a happiness that never fades, and that is the very form of the Supreme. (pp. 114–115)

Dictionary: śreyas, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1102, col. 2 “the better state, the better fortune or condition ... ; good (as opp. to 'evil'), welfare, bliss, fortune, happiness, KaṭhUp.; MBh. &c.; the bliss of final emancipation, felicity”

श्रीमान् śrīmān

He who has Shri.

Shankara: All kinds of Śrī are his. (p. 115)

Dictionary: śrī-mat, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1100, col. 2 “m. N. of Vishṇu, L.”

लोकत्रयाश्रयः lokatrayāśrayaḥ

The support of the three worlds.

Shankara: He is the support (āśraya) of the three worlds. (p. 115)

Dictionary: loka-traya, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 906, col. 2 “'world-triad,' the three w°s (heaven, earth and atmosphere, or h°, earth and lower regions)”; ā-śraya, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 158, col. 2 “that to which anything is annexed or with which anything is closely connected or on which anything depends or rests, Pāṇ.; R.; Ragh.; Suśr.; ... seat, resting-place”

स्वक्षः svakṣaḥ

He whose eyes are beautiful, like lotuses.

Shankara: His eyes are fine, like the lotus. (p. 115)

Dictionary: sv-akṣa, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1279, col. 2 “handsome-eyed, MBh.; R.”

स्वङ्गः svaṅgaḥ

He whose limbs are beautiful.

Shankara: His limbs are fine. (p. 115)

Dictionary: sv-aṅga, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1279, col. 2 “having a beautiful body, well-shaped, fair-limbed, RV.”

शतानन्दः śatānandaḥ

The one bliss that shows itself in a hundred ways.

Shankara: He is the one supreme bliss, divided a hundred ways by the different limiting conditions (upādhi). Shankara cites the Upanishad: other beings live on a small portion of this very bliss. (p. 115)

Dictionary: śatānanda, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1050, col. 3 “'delighting h°s,' N. of Brahmā, L.; of Vishṇu or Kṛishṇa, L.”

नन्दिः nandiḥ

The one who is supreme bliss.

Shankara: His form is supreme bliss. (p. 115)

Dictionary: nandi, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 527, col. 1 “'the happy one,' N. of Vishṇu, MBh.”

ज्योतिर्गणेश्वरः jyotirgaṇeśvaraḥ

Lord of the hosts of lights in the sky.

Shankara: He is the lord of the hosts of lights. Shankara cites the Upanishad, "All shines after him as he shines", and the Gita on the light that is in the sun. (p. 115)

Dictionary: jyotir-gaṇa, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 427, col. 2 “the heavenly bodies collectively, W.”; gaṇeśvara, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 343, col. 3 “the chief of a troop, leader of a band (gen. or in comp.), MBh. xiii; R. iv; v”

विजितात्मा vijitātmā

He who has mastered his mind.

Shankara: He has conquered the mind (ātman). (p. 115)

Dictionary: vi-jitātman, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 960, col. 3 “'self-subdued,' N. of Siva, Śivag.”

अविधेयात्मा avidheyātmā

He whose nature no one can command.

Shankara: His self, that is his own nature, cannot be ordered by anyone. (p. 115)

Dictionary: vi-dheya, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 968, col. 2 “docile, compliant, submissive, liable to be ruled or governed or influenced by, subject or obedient to (gen. or comp.)”

सत्कीर्तिः satkīrtiḥ

He whose fame is true.

Shankara: His fame is real (satī), not false. (p. 115)

Dictionary: sat-kīrti, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1134, col. 2 “f. good reputation, BhP.; mfn. having a good r°, Cat.”

छिन्नसंशयः chinnasaṃśayaḥ

He who has no doubt.

Shankara: He has seen everything directly, like an āmalaka fruit in the palm of the hand, so he has no doubt about anything. (p. 115)

Dictionary: chinna-saṃśaya, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 406, col. 3 “one whose doubts are dispelled, confident, W.”

उदीर्णः udīrṇaḥ

He who stands above all beings.

Shankara: He rises above all beings. (p. 116)

Dictionary: ud-īrṇa, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 186, col. 2 “issued out, excited, increased, elevated, MBh.; R.; Suśr.; Kum. &c.”

सर्वतश्चक्षुः sarvataścakṣuḥ

He who has eyes on every side.

Shankara: With his own consciousness he sees everything on every side. Shankara cites the Veda: "eyes everywhere". (p. 116)

Dictionary: sarvataś-cakṣus, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1189, col. 1 “having eyes everywhere, MBh.”

अनीशः anīśaḥ

He who has no lord over him.

Shankara: There is no lord over him. Shankara cites the Upanishad: there is no one who rules him. (p. 116)

Dictionary: an-īśa, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 30, col. 3 “one who has not a lord or superior, paramount”

शाश्वतस्थिरः śāśvatasthiraḥ

Eternal, and never changing.

Shankara: One name: though he is eternal (śaśvat), he never comes to any change. (p. 116)

Dictionary: śāśvata, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1068, col. 3 “(fr. śaśvat) eternal”; sthira, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1264, col. 3 “firm, hard, solid, compact, strong, RV. &c. &c.; fixed, immovable, motionless, still”

भूशयः bhūśayaḥ

He who lay on the bare ground; Rama by the ocean.

Shankara: Seeking the way to Lanka, he lay on the ground facing the ocean. (p. 116)

Dictionary: bhū-śaya, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 761, col. 3 “'lying or dwelling on the earth,' N. of Vishṇu, MBh.”

भूषणः bhūṣaṇaḥ

He who adorns the earth.

Shankara: He adorns the earth with the many descents he takes by his own will. (p. 116)

Dictionary: bhūṣaṇa, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 764, col. 2 “decorating, adorning (ifc.)”

भूतिः bhūtiḥ

Being itself; the source of all glory.

Shankara: Bhūti is being, existence; or glory (vibhūti); or he is the cause of all glories. (p. 116)

Dictionary: bhūti, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 762, col. 3 “N. of Vishṇu, MBh.”

विशोकः viśokaḥ

He who is free from sorrow.

Shankara: Sorrow has left him, because he is supreme bliss alone. (p. 116)

Dictionary: vi-śoka, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 953, col. 1 “free from sorrow; removing sor°, AitBr.; Up. &c.”

शोकनाशनः śokanāśanaḥ

He who takes away sorrow.

Shankara: By being merely remembered he destroys the sorrow of his devotees. (p. 116)

Dictionary: śoka-nāśana, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1091, col. 1 “s°-destroying, a remover of grief, R.”

अर्चिष्मान् arciṣmān

The shining one, by whose light the sun and moon shine.

Shankara: The moon, the sun and the rest shine by his light; he alone is the shining one in the true sense. (p. 117)

Dictionary: arciṣ-mat, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 90, col. 1 “brilliant, resplendent, R. &c.”

अर्चितः arcitaḥ

He who is worshipped, even by those whom all worship.

Shankara: He is worshipped by Brahma and the others, who are themselves worshipped by all the worlds. (p. 117)

Dictionary: arcita, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 90, col. 1 “honoured, worshipped, respected, saluted, MBh.; Mn. &c.”

कुम्भः kumbhaḥ

The pot in which all things rest.

Shankara: Everything rests in him, as in a pot. (p. 117)

Dictionary: kumbha, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 293, col. 1 “a jar, pitcher, water-pot, ewer, small water-jar”

विशुद्धात्मा viśuddhātmā

The pure Self, beyond the three gunas.

Shankara: He is beyond the three guṇas, so he is pure, and he is the Self. (p. 117)

Dictionary: vi-śuddhātman, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 991, col. 2 “of a p° nature or character, MBh.; R. &c.”

विशोधनः viśodhanaḥ

He who makes pure.

Shankara: By being merely remembered he wipes away sins. (p. 117)

Dictionary: vi-śodhana, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 991, col. 2 “cleansing, purging, washing away, R.; Suśr. &c.; m. N. of Vishṇu, MBh.”

अनिरुद्धः aniruddhaḥ

Aniruddha, whom no one can stop.

Shankara: Of the four vyūhas (forms of the Lord), he is the fourth, Aniruddha. Or no enemy can ever stop (nirudh) him. (p. 117)

Dictionary: a-niruddha, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 30, col. 1 “unobstructed, ungovernable, self-willed; (as), m. a spy, a secret emissary (?); the son of Pradyumna (a form of Kāma, and husband of Ushā)”

अप्रतिरथः apratirathaḥ

He who has no rival.

Shankara: There is no pratiratha, no opponent, against him. (p. 117)

Dictionary: a-pratiratha, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 58, col. 1 “id., ŚBr., Śāk.”; a-pratiyodhin, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 58, col. 1 “'not having an adversary,' irresistible, MBh.”

प्रद्युम्नः pradyumnaḥ

He whose wealth is great; Pradyumna.

Shankara: His wealth (dyumna) is excellent. Or he is the vyūha called Pradyumna. (p. 117)

Dictionary: pra-dyumna, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 680, col. 2 “'the pre-eminently mighty one,' N. of the god of love (re-born as a son of Kṛishṇa and Rukmiṇī, or as a son of Saṃkarshaṇa and then identified with Sanat-kumāra), MBh.; Kāv. &c.”

अमितविक्रमः amitavikramaḥ

He whose valour cannot be measured.

Shankara: His valour is beyond measure and beyond compare. Or his valour can never be harmed. (p. 117)

Dictionary: amita-vikrama, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 81, col. 3 “'of unbounded valour,' a N. of Vishṇu”

कालनेमिनिहा kālaneminihā

Slayer of the asura Kalanemi.

Shankara: He killed the asura Kālanemi. (p. 117)

Dictionary: kāla-nemi, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 278, col. 3 “'felly of the wheel of time,' N. of an Asura (slain by Kṛishṇa, identified with Kaṇsa), MBh.; Hariv. &c.; ... -ripu, -han, -hara, -(nemy-)ari, m. 'destroyer of Kāla-nemi,' N. of Kṛishṇa or Vishṇu, L.”

वीरः vīraḥ

The hero.

Shankara: He is brave (śūra). (p. 117)

Dictionary: vīra, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1005, col. 2 “a man, (esp.) a brave or eminent man, hero, chief (sometimes applied to gods, as to Indra, Vishṇu &c.”

शौरिः śauriḥ

He who was born in the line of Shura.

Shankara: He was born in the family of Śūra. (p. 117)

Dictionary: śauri, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1093, col. 2 “patr. of Vasu-deva, MBh.; BhP.; of Vishṇu-Kṛishṇa (also among the names of the sun), ib.”

शूरजनेश्वरः śūrajaneśvaraḥ

Lord of heroes such as Indra.

Shankara: By his surpassing valour he rules over the heroes, Indra (Vāsava) and the others. (pp. 117–118)

Dictionary: śūra, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1086, col. 1 “strong, powerful, valiant, heroic, brave (cf. -tama and -tara), RV.; MBh.”; īśvara, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 171, col. 1 “master, lord, prince, king, mistress, queen, AV.”

त्रिलोकात्मा trilokātmā

The Self of the three worlds.

Shankara: He is the Self of the three worlds as their inner ruler. Or the three worlds are not, in truth, other than him. (p. 118)

Dictionary: tri-lokātman, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 460, col. 1 “'T°-soul,' Śiva”

त्रिलोकेशः trilokeśaḥ

Lord of the three worlds.

Shankara: Commanded by him, the three worlds each go about their own work. (p. 118)

Dictionary: tri-lokeśa, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 460, col. 1 “'T°-lord,' Vishṇu, Siṅhâs.; Śiva, MBh. xiv”

केशवः keśavaḥ

Keshava: he whose rays (kesha) shine in the sun and moon.

Shankara: The rays that pass into the sun and the others are called keśa, and he has them. Shankara cites the Mahabharata: "The rays of mine that shine are called keśa; so the wise call me Keśava." Or the powers called Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva are the keśa. He also cites a verse from the Harivamsha. (p. 118)

Dictionary: keśava, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 310, col. 3 “having long or much or handsome hair, AV. viii, 6, 23; ŚBr.; KātyŚr.; (as), m., N. of Vishṇu or Kṛishṇa, MBh.; Hariv.; R. &c.”

केशिहा keśihā

Slayer of the asura Keshi.

Shankara: He killed the asura named Keśin. (p. 118)

Dictionary: keśi-han, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 310, col. 3 “m. id., MBh.; Hariv.”

हरिः hariḥ

He who takes away worldly life with its cause.

Shankara: He takes away (harati) saṃsāra together with its cause. (p. 118)

Dictionary: hari, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1289, col. 3 “(esp.) N. of Vishṇu-Kṛishṇa (in this sense thought by some to be derived from √hṛi, 'to take away or remove evil or sin'), MBh.; Kāv. &c.”

कामदेवः kāmadevaḥ

The god whom all desire.

Shankara: Those who seek the four aims of life, dharma and the rest, desire him, so he is kāma; and he is a god (deva). (pp. 118–119)

Dictionary: kāma-deva, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 272, col. 2 “the god of love ...; N. of Vishṇu (as the god who creates, preserves, or destroys at will), Vishṇ. xcviii, 10 (cf. BhP. v, 18, 15)”

कामपालः kāmapālaḥ

Keeper of the wishes of those who wish.

Shankara: He guards (pālayati) the wishes of those who wish. (p. 119)

Dictionary: kāma-pāla, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 272, col. 2 “'gratifier of human desires,' N. of Vishṇu, Vishṇ.”

कामी kāmī

He whose every wish is fulfilled.

Shankara: By his very nature all his wishes are fulfilled (pūrṇakāma). (p. 119)

Dictionary: kāmin, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 273, col. 2 “desirous, longing after (acc. or in comp.)”

कान्तः kāntaḥ

The lovely one.

Shankara: He bears a most handsome body. Or at the end of two parārdhas (the life of Brahma) even Brahma (ka) comes to his end (anta) in him. (p. 119)

Dictionary: kānta, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 270, col. 3 “desired, loved, dear, pleasing, agreeable, lovely, beautiful; ... N. of Kṛishṇa, L.”

कृतागमः kṛtāgamaḥ

He who made the scriptures.

Shankara: He made the scripture (āgama): śruti, smṛti and the rest. Shankara cites the Lord's words, "Śruti and smṛti are my commands", and notes that this hymn later says the Vedas, the śāstras and knowledge all come from Janardana. (p. 119)

Dictionary: kṛtāgama, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 302, col. 3 “one who has made progress, advanced.”

अनिर्देश्यवपुः anirdeśyavapuḥ

He whose form cannot be pointed out.

Shankara: His form cannot be shown as 'this' or 'like this', because it is beyond the guṇas. (p. 119)

Dictionary: a-nirdeśya, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 30, col. 1 “undefinable, inexplicable, incomparable.”; vapus, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 920, col. 1 “n. form, figure, (esp.) a beautiful form or figure, wonderful appearance, beauty”

विष्णुः viṣṇuḥ

Vishnu, whose light spreads over heaven and earth.

Shankara: His radiance pervades heaven and earth and stands beyond them. Shankara cites the Mahabharata: "My radiance stands pervading heaven and earth, O Lord; by my stride (kramaṇa) I am called Vishnu, O Partha." (p. 119)

Dictionary: viṣṇu, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 999, col. 1 “(prob. fr. √vish, 'All-pervader' or 'Worker') N. of one of the principal Hindū deities”

वीरः vīraḥ

He who moves, shines and acts.

Shankara: He has movement and the other senses of the root vī, which the Dhātupāṭha gives as going, being born, shining, throwing and eating. (p. 119)

Dictionary: vīra, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1005, col. 2 “a man, (esp.) a brave or eminent man, hero, chief (sometimes applied to gods, as to Indra, Vishṇu &c.”

अनन्तः anantaḥ

The endless one.

Shankara: He pervades all, is eternal and is the Self of all, so he is not bounded by place, time or thing. Shankara cites the Upanishad, "Brahman is truth, knowledge, the endless", and the Vishnu Purana: gandharvas, apsarases, siddhas and the rest do not reach the end of his qualities. (p. 119)

Dictionary: an-anta, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 25, col. 1 “endless, boundless, eternal, infinite; (as), m., N. of Vishṇu”

धनंजयः dhanaṃjayaḥ

Dhananjaya, Arjuna, who won great wealth.

Shankara: Arjuna won great wealth in his conquest of the quarters, so he is Dhanaṃjaya. Shankara cites the Gita: "Of the Pandavas I am Dhananjaya." (p. 119)

Dictionary: dhanaṃ-jaya, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 508, col. 2 “N. of Arjuna, MBh.; Hariv.”

ब्रह्मण्यः brahmaṇyaḥ

He who is good to austerity, the Vedas, the wise and knowledge.

Shankara: Shankara cites a verse: austerity, the Vedas, the Brahmins and knowledge are called brahman. He is good (hita) to them. (p. 120)

Dictionary: brahmaṇya, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 741, col. 1 “relating to Brahmă or Brahmā, devoted to sacred knowledge or friendly to Brāhmans, religious, pious”

ब्रह्मकृत् brahmakṛt

Maker of austerity and the rest.

Shankara: He is the maker of austerity and the other things called brahman. (p. 120)

Dictionary: brahma-kṛt, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 738, col. 1 “making or offering prayers (also applied to Indra, Vishṇu, the Maruts &c.), RV.; MBh.; Pañcar.”

ब्रह्मा brahmā

Brahma, who creates all.

Shankara: As Brahma he creates everything. (p. 120)

Dictionary: brahman, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 738, col. 1 “Brahmā or the one impersonal universal Spirit manifested as a personal Creator and as the first of the triad of personal gods”

ब्रह्म brahma

Brahman, the Absolute: truth, knowledge, the endless.

Shankara: Because it is great and makes things grow, Brahman is marked by truth and the rest. Shankara cites the Upanishad, "Brahman is truth, knowledge, the endless", and the Vishnu Purana: that knowledge, free of all difference, pure being, beyond words and known only in the self, is called Brahman. (p. 120)

Dictionary: brahman, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 738, col. 1 “the Brahmă or one self-existent impersonal Spirit, the one universal Soul (or one divine essence and source from which all created things emanate or with which they are identified and to which they return), the Self-existent, the Absolute, the Eternal”

ब्रह्मविवर्धनः brahmavivardhanaḥ

He who makes austerity and the rest grow.

Shankara: He makes austerity and the rest increase. (p. 120)

Dictionary: brahma-vivardhana, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 740, col. 1 “'increasing sacred knowledge,' N. of Vishṇu, MBh.”

ब्रह्मवित् brahmavit

He who knows the Veda and its meaning.

Shankara: He knows the Veda and its meaning as they truly are. (p. 120)

Dictionary: brahma-vid, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 740, col. 1 “knowing the one Brahmă, a Vedic philosopher, AV. &c. &c. (also -vida)”

ब्राह्मणः brāhmaṇaḥ

He who, as a Brahmin, teaches the Veda to the worlds.

Shankara: In the form of a Brahmin he teaches all the worlds, saying, "This is the Veda." (p. 120)

Dictionary: brāhmaṇa, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 741, col. 2 “one who has divine knowledge (sometimes applied to Agni), a Brāhman”

ब्रह्मी brahmī

He whose parts are all that is called Brahman.

Shankara: The things called brahman (austerity, the Vedas and the rest) are parts of him. (p. 120)

Dictionary: brahmin, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 741, col. 1 “belonging or relating to Brahmă or Brahmā, TĀr.; 'possessing sacred knowledge,' N. of Vishṇu, MBh.”

ब्रह्मज्ञः brahmajñaḥ

He who knows the Vedas as his own Self.

Shankara: He knows the Vedas, which are his own Self. (p. 120)

Dictionary: brahma-jña, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 738, col. 3 “possessing sacred knowledge, knowing the sacred text, spiritually wise, holy (said also of gods e.g. of Vishṇu, Kārttikeya), MBh.; Bhartṛ.”

ब्राह्मणप्रियः brāhmaṇapriyaḥ

He who is dear to the wise, and to whom they are dear.

Shankara: He is dear to the Brahmins, or the Brahmins are dear to him. Shankara cites a saying of the Lord that whoever does not bow to a Brahmin, even one who strikes or curses him, is not his own, and a Mahabharata verse on Devaki's son as the guardian of Brahman. (pp. 120–121)

Dictionary: brāhmaṇa-priya, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 741, col. 3 “a friend of Br°s (said of Vishṇu), Vishṇ.”

महाक्रमः mahākramaḥ

He whose strides are great.

Shankara: His steps (krama) are great. Shankara cites the Veda: "May Vishnu of the wide stride be kind to us." (p. 121)

Dictionary: mahā-krama, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 795, col. 2 “'wide-striding,' N. of Vishṇu, L.”

महाकर्मा mahākarmā

He whose works are great.

Shankara: His work, the making of the world and the rest, is great. (p. 121)

Dictionary: mahā-karman, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 795, col. 1 “n. a great work, AitBr.; mfn. accomplishing great works (said of Śiva), MBh.”

महातेजाः mahātejāḥ

He whose light is great; the light of the sun is his.

Shankara: The sun and the other shining things shine with his light, and that light is great. Shankara cites the Veda and the Gita ("the light that is in the sun"). Or he is adorned with great qualities such as courage and valour. (p. 121)

Dictionary: mahā-tejas, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 796, col. 1 “of great splendour, full of fire, of gr° majesty (said of gods and men), Mn.; MBh.; R.”

महोरगः mahoragaḥ

The great serpent, Vasuki.

Shankara: He is the great serpent. Shankara cites the Gita: "Of serpents I am Vasuki." (p. 121)

Dictionary: mahoraga, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 802, col. 3 “a gr° serpent (with Jainas and Buddhists a class of demons), MBh.; Kāv. &c.”

महाक्रतुः mahākratuḥ

The great sacrifice.

Shankara: He is the great sacrifice. Shankara cites Manu, "as the horse sacrifice is king of sacrifices": that too is he, and this is praise. (p. 121)

Dictionary: mahā-kratu, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 795, col. 2 “a great sacrifice, MBh.; R.; Ragh. (cf. -yajña)”

महायज्वा mahāyajvā

The great performer of sacrifice.

Shankara: He is great and performs sacrifices, carrying out the rites for the welfare of the world (lokasaṃgraha). (p. 121)

Dictionary: yajvan, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 840, col. 3 “worshipping, a worshipper, sacrificer, RV. &c. &c.”

महायज्ञः mahāyajñaḥ

The great sacrifice of japa.

Shankara: He is the great sacrifice. Shankara cites the Gita: "Of sacrifices I am the sacrifice of japa." (p. 121)

Dictionary: mahā-yajña, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 799, col. 2 “a great sacrifice or offering, a principal act of devotion ...; N. of Vishṇu, MBh.”

महाहविः mahāhaviḥ

The great offering: the whole world offered into Brahman.

Shankara: The whole world, offered into the fire of Brahman, is the great offering (havis), and it is he. (pp. 121–122)

Dictionary: mahā-havis, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 802, col. 1 “the principal oblation at the Sākam-edha sacrifice, ŚBr.; ŚrS.; clarified butter, MārkP.; N. of Śiva, MBh.”

स्तव्यः stavyaḥ

He whom all praise.

Shankara: All praise him, and he praises no one. (p. 122)

Dictionary: stavya, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1259, col. 1 “to be praised, praiseworthy, glorious, MBh.; Hariv. &c.”

स्तवप्रियः stavapriyaḥ

He who loves praise.

Shankara: For that very reason praise is dear to him. (p. 122)

Dictionary: stava, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1259, col. 1 “praise, eulogy, song of praise, hymn, panegyric, RV. &c. &c.”; priya, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 710, col. 1 “beloved, dear to (gen. loc. dat. or comp.), liked, favourite”

स्तोत्रम् stotram

The hymn that tells his qualities.

Shankara: That by which he is praised, the telling of his qualities, is the hymn; and that too is Hari. (p. 122)

Dictionary: stotra, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1259, col. 2 “praise, eulogium, a hymn of praise, ode, RV. &c. &c.”

स्तुतिः stutiḥ

The act of praise.

Shankara: Stuti is the act of praising, and he is that. (p. 122)

Dictionary: stuti, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1259, col. 1 “praise, eulogy, panegyric, commendation, adulation, RV. &c. &c.”

स्तोता stotā

The one who praises.

Shankara: The one who praises is also he. (p. 122)

Dictionary: stotṛ, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1259, col. 2 “praising, worshipping, RV.; AV.; m. N. of Vishṇu, MBh.”

रणप्रियः raṇapriyaḥ

He who loves the battle that guards the world.

Shankara: Battle is dear to him, because he always holds the five great weapons to protect the world. (p. 122)

Dictionary: raṇa-priya, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 864, col. 1 “fond of war or battle, warlike, Hariv.; Kām.”

पूर्णः pūrṇaḥ

The full one, lacking nothing.

Shankara: He is complete with all wishes and all powers. (p. 122)

Dictionary: pūrṇa, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 642, col. 1 “filled, full, filled with or full of (instr. or gen. or comp.), RV. &c. &c.”

पूरयिता pūrayitā

He who fills all with good things.

Shankara: He is not only full himself; he fills all others with wealth. (p. 122)

Dictionary: pūrayitṛ, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 642, col. 1 “one who fills or fulfils or satisfies, Kāv.; m. N. of Vishṇu, MBh.”

पुण्यः puṇyaḥ

The holy one, who makes pure.

Shankara: By being merely remembered he destroys sins. (p. 122)

Dictionary: puṇya, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 632, col. 1 “auspicious, propitious, fair, pleasant, good, right, virtuous, meritorious, pure, holy, sacred”

पुण्यकीर्तिः puṇyakīrtiḥ

He whose fame is holy.

Shankara: His fame is holy, because his fame brings merit to people. (p. 122)

Dictionary: puṇya-kīrti, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 632, col. 1 “bearing a good name, famous, celebrated, MBh.; m. N. of a man (whose shape was assumed by Vishṇu), SkandaP.”

अनामयः anāmayaḥ

He whom no sickness touches.

Shankara: He is not troubled by the sicknesses, inner or outer, that are born of karma. (p. 122)

Dictionary: an-āmaya, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 28, col. 2 “not pernicious, AV.; free from disease, healthy, salubrious”

मनोजवः manojavaḥ

He who is as swift as the mind.

Shankara: His speed is like the speed of the mind, because he goes everywhere. (p. 123)

Dictionary: mano-java, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 785, col. 1 “m. the speed or swiftness of thought, RV.; ŚBr.; (máno-), mfn. swift as thought, RV. &c. &c.”

तीर्थकरः tīrthakaraḥ

He who made and taught all fields of learning.

Shankara: He made and taught the fourteen fields of learning (vidyā) and also the teachings outside the Veda. The Purana tellers say that as Hayagriva he killed Madhu and Kaitabha and taught Brahma the Vedas and other learning at the start of creation, and taught the teachings outside the Veda to mislead the enemies of the gods. (p. 123)

Dictionary: tīrtha-kara, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 449, col. 2 “creating a passage (through life), MBh. xiii, 7023 (Vishṇu)”

वसुरेताः vasuretāḥ

He whose seed is gold.

Shankara: His seed is gold (vasu). Shankara cites Vyasa: the god first made the waters and put his seed into them; it became a golden egg, the cause of Brahma. (p. 123)

Dictionary: vasu-retas, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 931, col. 3 “m. fire or the god of fire, MBh.; R.; N. of Śiva (also °taḥ-su-vapuḥ), MBh.”

वसुप्रदः vasupradaḥ

Giver of wealth.

Shankara: He gives wealth freely. He himself is the true lord of wealth; the other, Kubera, is lord of wealth by his grace. (p. 123)

Dictionary: vasu-prada, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 931, col. 2 “bestowing w°, Vishṇ.; MBh.”

वसुप्रदः vasupradaḥ

Giver of the highest wealth, freedom (moksha).

Shankara: The second vasuprada: he gives his devotees the highest wealth, the fruit called mokṣa. Shankara cites the Upanishad: Brahman, knowledge and bliss, is the goal of the giver. Or he cuts down the wealth of the enemies of the gods. (p. 123)

Dictionary: vasu-prada, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 931, col. 2 “bestowing w°, Vishṇ.; MBh.”

वासुदेवः vāsudevaḥ

Son of Vasudeva.

Shankara: He is the son of Vasudeva. (p. 123)

Dictionary: vāsudeva, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 948, col. 2 “(fr. vasu-d°) patr. of Kṛishṇa, TĀr. &c. (RTL. 111)”

वसुः vasuḥ

He in whom all beings live, and who lives in them.

Shankara: Beings dwell (vasanti) in him, and he too dwells in them. (p. 123)

Dictionary: vasu, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 930, col. 3 “excellent, good, beneficent, RV.; GṛŚrS.; ... N. of the gods (as the 'good or bright ones,' esp. of the Ādityas, Maruts, Aśvins, Indra, Ushas, Rudra, Vāyu, Vishṇu, Śiva, and Kubera)”; vāsu, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 948, col. 2 “N. of Vishṇu (as dwelling in all beings), Uṇ. i, 1, Sch.”

वसुमनाः vasumanāḥ

He whose mind dwells in all things alike.

Shankara: His mind dwells in all objects without distinction; such a mind is 'vasu', and he has it. (p. 123)

Dictionary: vasu-manas, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 931, col. 2 “m. N. of a king of Kosala, MBh.”

हविः haviḥ

The offering itself.

Shankara: He is the offering. Shankara cites the Gita: "The act of offering is Brahman, the offering is Brahman." (p. 123)

Dictionary: havis, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1294, col. 1 “an oblation or burnt offering, anything offered as an oblation with fire (as clarified butter, milk, Soma, grain”

सद्गतिः sadgatiḥ

He who is reached by the good; or he whose understanding is excellent.

Shankara: Shankara cites the Upanishad: if one knows that Brahman is, people know him as good (sat). Those who know that Brahman is are the good, and he is reached by them. Or his gati, his understanding, is excellent (satī). (p. 124)

Dictionary: sad-gati, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1137, col. 2 “good or happy state or fortune, MBh.; R.; BhP. &c.; the way of good men, Kāv.”

सत्कृतिः satkṛtiḥ

He whose work, guarding the world, is good.

Shankara: His action, which is the protecting of the world, is good. Shankara closes the seventh hundred of names here. (p. 124)

Dictionary: sat-kṛti, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1134, col. 2 “doing good, virtue, morality, W.; kind treatment, hospitable reception, hospitality”

सत्ता sattā

Being itself, one without a second.

Shankara: Sattā is experience free from every difference: from things of its own kind, of other kinds, and within itself. Shankara cites the Upanishad: "One only, without a second." (p. 124)

Dictionary: sat-tā, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1134, col. 3 “existence, being, Up.; Kaṇ.; Tarkas. &c.; goodness, excellence, W.”

सद्भूतिः sadbhūtiḥ

The true being, which is never cancelled.

Shankara: The Supreme Self, whose nature is consciousness, alone is real, because nothing cancels it and it shines. Nothing else is so, because what else appears is cancelled; yet it is not simply unreal. Shankara says the cancelling of the world meant here comes from scripture or from reasoning. (p. 124)

Dictionary: sad-bhūta, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1137, col. 2 “who or what is really good or true”; bhūti, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 762, col. 3 “N. of Vishṇu, MBh.”

सत्परायणम् satparāyaṇam

The highest goal of those who know the truth.

Shankara: He is the highest place (para ayana) of the good, the knowers of the truth. (p. 124)

Dictionary: sat, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1134, col. 2 “being, existing, occurring, happening, being present”; parāyaṇa, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 587, col. 3 “final end or aim, last resort or refuge, principal object”

शूरसेनः śūrasenaḥ

He whose army was made of heroes, such as Hanuman.

Shankara: His army had soldiers rich in courage, Hanuman and the others; so his army is an army of heroes (śūrasenā). (p. 124)

Dictionary: śūra-sena, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1086, col. 2 “N. of the country about Mathurā, Pañcar.; a king of Mathurā (and ruler of the Yadus, applied to Vishṇu and Ugra-sena), MBh.; Hariv.”

यदुश्रेष्ठः yaduśreṣṭhaḥ

The first of the Yadus.

Shankara: He is the chief of the Yadus. (p. 124)

Dictionary: yadu-śreṣṭha, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 845, col. 1 “'best of Yadus,' N. of Kṛishṇa, Pañcar.”

सन्निवासः sannivāsaḥ

The refuge of the wise.

Shankara: He is the refuge of the good, the wise. (p. 124)

Dictionary: san-nivāsa, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1137, col. 3 “staying with the g° (Vishṇu), MBh.”

सुयामुनः suyāmunaḥ

He whom the good people of the Yamuna surround.

Shankara: Those around him by the Yamuna are fine: Devaki, Vasudeva, Nanda, Yashoda, Balabhadra, Subhadra and the others. Or Brahma and the other gods, in the dress of cowherds by the Yamuna, stand around him. (pp. 124–125)

Dictionary: su-yāmuna, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1232, col. 1 “m. a palace, L.; a kind of cloud, L.; N. of Vishṇu, L.”

भूतावासः bhūtāvāsaḥ

He in whom all beings live.

Shankara: Beings dwell chiefly in him. Shankara cites the Harivamsha: "Beings dwell in you; so you are Bhūtāvāsa." (p. 125)

Dictionary: bhūtāvāsa, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 762, col. 3 “'abode of beings,' N. of Vishṇu and Śiva, MBh.; Hariv.”

वासुदेवः vāsudevaḥ

The god who covers the world with his maya.

Shankara: He covers (ācchādayati) the world with māyā, so he is vāsu, and he is a god. Shankara cites the Lord's words: "Like the sun with its rays, I cover the whole world." (p. 125)

Dictionary: vāsu, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 948, col. 2 “N. of Vishṇu (as dwelling in all beings), Uṇ. i, 1, Sch.; the spirit or soul considered as the Supreme Being or Soul of the universe, W.”; vāsudeva, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 948, col. 2 “(fr. vasu-d°) patr. of Kṛishṇa, TĀr. &c. (RTL. 111)”

सर्वासुनिलयः sarvāsunilayaḥ

He in whom all the life-breaths come to rest.

Shankara: All the life-breaths (asu) merge in him, the support whose nature is the living self (jīvātman). (p. 125)

Dictionary: asu, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 121, col. 1 “breath, life”; ni-laya, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 558, col. 3 “rest, resting-place (cf. a-nil°); hiding- or dwelling-place, den, lair, nest; house, residence, abode”

अनलः analaḥ

He whose powers and riches have no limit.

Shankara: There is no 'enough' (alam), no end, to his powers and riches. (p. 125)

Dictionary: anala, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 26, col. 2 “fire; the god of fire”

दर्पहा darpahā

He who humbles the pride of those who leave dharma.

Shankara: He destroys the pride of those who stand on a path against dharma. (p. 125)

Dictionary: darpa-ha, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 470, col. 2 “pride-destroying, W.”

दर्पदः darpadaḥ

He who gives honour to those on the path of dharma.

Shankara: He gives pride (darpa) to those who walk on the path of dharma. (p. 125)

Dictionary: darpa-da, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 470, col. 2 “m. Śiva”

दृप्तः dṛptaḥ

He who is always glad in the bliss of the Self.

Shankara: From tasting the nectar of his own Self he is always glad. (p. 125)

Dictionary: dṛpta, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 491, col. 1 “mad, wild, proud, arrogant (-tara, compar.), MBh.; Kāv. &c.”

दुर्धरः durdharaḥ

He who is hard to hold in the mind.

Shankara: He is free of every limit, so he cannot be held in meditation; yet by his grace some hold him in the heart with effort, through practice over thousands of births. Shankara cites the Gita: "Greater is the trouble of those whose minds are set on the unmanifest." (pp. 125–126)

Dictionary: dur-dhara, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 485, col. 3 “difficult to be carried or borne or suffered, unrestrainable, irresistible, RV. i, 57, 1; MBh.; Hariv. &c.”

अपराजितः aparājitaḥ

He whom no foe, within or without, has defeated.

Shankara: He is not defeated by inner enemies such as attachment, nor by outer enemies such as the dānavas. (p. 126)

Dictionary: a-parājita, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 51, col. 1 “unconquered, unsurpassed, RV. &c.; ... Vishṇu; Śiva”

विश्वमूर्तिः viśvamūrtiḥ

He whose form is the universe.

Shankara: The universe is his form, because he is the Self of all. (p. 126)

Dictionary: viśva-mūrti, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 993, col. 2 “having all forms (or one 'whose body is the universe'), MBh.; Hariv. &c. (applied to the Supreme Spirit)”

महामूर्तिः mahāmūrtiḥ

He whose form is vast, lying on Shesha.

Shankara: As he lies on the couch of Śeṣa his form is great. (p. 126)

Dictionary: mahā-mūrti, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 799, col. 1 “large-formed, gr°-bodied (said of Vishṇu), MBh.”

दीप्तमूर्तिः dīptamūrtiḥ

He whose form shines, made of knowledge.

Shankara: His form, made of knowledge, shines. Or the bright form he takes by his own will shines. (p. 126)

Dictionary: dīpta, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 481, col. 2 “blazing, flaming, hot, shining, bright, brilliant, splendid”; mūrti, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 824, col. 1 “any solid body or material form ...; embodiment, manifestation, incarnation, personification”

अमूर्तिमान् amūrtimān

He who has no body bound by karma.

Shankara: He has no body that comes from karma. (p. 126)

Dictionary: a-mūrti, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 82, col. 1 “shapelessness, absence of shape or form; (mfn.), formless; (is), m., N. of Vishṇu, MBh. xiii”

अनेकमूर्तिः anekamūrtiḥ

He who takes many forms.

Shankara: In his descents he takes many forms by his own will to help the worlds. (p. 126)

Dictionary: an-eka, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 42, col. 2 “not one, many, much”; mūrti, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 824, col. 1 “embodiment, manifestation, incarnation, personification”

अव्यक्तः avyaktaḥ

The unmanifest one; no one can say 'he is just this'.

Shankara: Though he has many forms, he is not shown as 'he is just like this'. (p. 126)

Dictionary: a-vyakta, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 111, col. 2 “undeveloped, not manifest, unapparent, indistinct, invisible, imperceptible”

शतमूर्तिः śatamūrtiḥ

He who has a hundred forms.

Shankara: His form is consciousness, and forms born of many thoughts belong to him. (p. 126)

Dictionary: śata, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1048, col. 3 “a hundred”; mūrti, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 824, col. 1 “embodiment, manifestation, incarnation, personification”

शताननः śatānanaḥ

He who has a hundred faces.

Shankara: Because the universe and the rest are his forms, he has a hundred faces. (p. 126)

Dictionary: śata, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1048, col. 3 “a hundred”; ānana, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 139, col. 3 “the mouth; the face, R.; Ragh. &c.”

एकः ekaḥ

The One, without a second.

Shankara: In the highest truth he is free of every difference, so he is one. Shankara cites the Upanishad: "One only, without a second." (p. 127)

Dictionary: eka, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 227, col. 3 “one”

नैकः naikaḥ

He who is many, by his maya.

Shankara: By māyā he has many forms. Shankara cites the Veda: "Indra goes about in many forms by his māyās." (p. 127)

Dictionary: naika, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 523, col. 3 “not one, more than one, various, manifold, numerous, many (also pl.), Yājñ.; Mn. &c.”

सवः savaḥ

The sacrifice in which soma is pressed.

Shankara: The sacrifice in which the soma is pressed out is sava, and that is he. (p. 127)

Dictionary: sava, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1190, col. 2 “a kind of sacrifice, Kauś.; any sacrifice, MBh.”

कः kaḥ

'Ka': joy; Brahman.

Shankara: The word ka means joy, and he is praised by it. Shankara cites the Upanishad: "Ka is Brahman." (p. 127)

Dictionary: ka, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 240, col. 3 “(according to native authorities) N. of Prajāpati ...; of Brahman ...; of Vishṇu, L. ...; (am), n. happiness, joy, pleasure, ChUp. iv, 10, 5”

किम् kim

'Kim': what is to be inquired into.

Shankara: Brahman alone is to be inquired into, because it is the form of all the aims of life; so Brahman is kim, 'what?'. (p. 127)

Dictionary: kim, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 282, col. 2 “(fr. 1. ki, originally nom. and acc. sg. n. of 2. ká, q.v.), what? how? whence? wherefore? why?”

यत् yat

'Yat': that from which all beings are born.

Shankara: The word yat points to a thing that exists by itself, and Brahman is so pointed to. Shankara cites the Upanishad: "That from which these beings are born." (p. 127)

Dictionary: yad, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 844, col. 2 “(nom. and acc. sg. n. and base in comp. of 3. ya), who, which, what, whichever, whatever, that”

तत् tat

'Tat': That, which spreads out.

Shankara: Brahman spreads out (tanoti), so it is tat. Shankara cites the Gita: "Om tat sat: this is held to be the threefold name of Brahman." (p. 127)

Dictionary: tad, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 434, col. 1 “m. he, f. she, n. it, that, this (often correlative of yá generally standing in the preceding clause”

पदमनुत्तमम् padamanuttamam

The highest goal, with nothing above it.

Shankara: Pada is what is reached by those who seek freedom; anuttama is that above which there is nothing. One name with its qualifier. (p. 127)

Dictionary: pada, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 583, col. 1 “a step, pace, stride; a footstep, trace, vestige, mark, the foot itself, RV. &c.”; an-uttama, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 33, col. 1 “unsurpassed, incomparably the best or chief, excellent”

लोकबन्धुः lokabandhuḥ

Kin of the worlds.

Shankara: All the worlds are bound (badhyante) in him as their support. Or, as their father, he has no kin equal to him. Or he did what kin do: he gave the worlds good teaching in the form of śruti and smṛti. (pp. 127–128)

Dictionary: loka-bandhu, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 906, col. 3 “'universal friend, friend of all,' N. of Śiva, Śivag.; of the sun, L.”

लोकनाथः lokanāthaḥ

Lord of the worlds, whom all beseech.

Shankara: The worlds beseech (nāthyate) him. Or he burns the worlds, blesses them, or rules them, by the senses of the root nāth. (p. 128)

Dictionary: loka-nātha, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 906, col. 3 “'lord of worlds,' N. of Brahmā, Cat.; of Vishṇu-Kṛishṇa, MBh.; BhP.”

माधवः mādhavaḥ

Madhava, born in Madhu's line.

Shankara: He was born in the family of Madhu. (p. 128)

Dictionary: mādhava, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 808, col. 2 “a son or descendant of Madhu, a man of the race of Yadu (sg. esp. N. of Kṛishṇa-Vishṇu”

भक्तवत्सलः bhaktavatsalaḥ

He who loves his devotees.

Shankara: He has love for his devotees. (p. 128)

Dictionary: bhakta-vatsala, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 743, col. 1 “kind to worshippers or to faithful attendants, MW.”

सुवर्णवर्णः suvarṇavarṇaḥ

He who has the colour of gold.

Shankara: His colour is like gold. Shankara cites the Upanishad: "When the seer sees the gold-coloured one." (p. 128)

Dictionary: su-varṇa-varṇa, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1236, col. 3 “golden coloured; m. N. of Vishṇu, L.”

हेमाङ्गः hemāṅgaḥ

He whose body is like gold.

Shankara: His body is like gold. Shankara cites the Upanishad: "The golden person who is within the sun." (p. 128)

Dictionary: hemāṅga, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1305, col. 1 “having g° limbs or parts, golden, R.; Mudr. ...; of Vishṇu, L.”

वराङ्गः varāṅgaḥ

He whose limbs are fine.

Shankara: His limbs are excellent and beautiful. (p. 128)

Dictionary: varāṅga, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 922, col. 3 “an elegant form or body, MW.; mfn. having an excellent form, excellent or beautiful in all parts, L.”

चन्दनाङ्गदी candanāṅgadī

He who wears armlets that give delight.

Shankara: He is adorned with armlets (aṅgada, keyūra) that gladden (candana). (p. 128)

Dictionary: candana, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 386, col. 2 “sandal (Sirium myrtifolium, either the tree, wood, or the unctuous preparation of the wood”; aṅgadin, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1309, col. 2 “wearing a bracelet”

वीरहा vīrahā

He who slays the chief asura heroes, to guard dharma.

Shankara: To protect dharma he kills the heroes who are the chief asuras. (p. 128)

Dictionary: vīra-han, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1006, col. 2 “slaying men or enemies, TS.; Br.; MBh.; R.; ... N. of Vishṇu, MW.”

विषमः viṣamaḥ

He who has no equal.

Shankara: He is unlike everything, so no one is equal to him. Shankara cites the Gita: "There is none equal to you; how could there be one greater?" (p. 128)

Dictionary: vi-ṣama, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 996, col. 3 “uneven, rugged, rough, MBh.; Hariv.; Kāv. &c.; unequal, irregular, dissimilar, different”

शून्यः śūnyaḥ

He who is like the void, as no quality can be put on him.

Shankara: He is free of all distinguishing marks, so he is like the void. (p. 128)

Dictionary: śūnya, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1085, col. 1 “empty, void”

घृताशीः ghṛtāśīḥ

He who has no wishes left.

Shankara: His wishes (āśis), his prayers, have melted away (ghṛta). (p. 128)

Dictionary: ā-śis, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 157, col. 2 “asking for, prayer, wish”

अचलः acalaḥ

He who never moves from his nature, power or knowledge.

Shankara: He does not move from his own nature, nor from his power, nor from qualities such as knowledge. (pp. 128–129)

Dictionary: a-cala, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 8, col. 3 “not moving, immovable”

चलः calaḥ

He who moves, as the wind.

Shankara: He moves in the form of the wind. (p. 129)

Dictionary: cala, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 391, col. 1 “moving, trembling, shaking, loose, MBh. &c.; ... wind, L.”

अमानी amānī

He who does not take what is not the Self for himself.

Shankara: His nature is pure awareness, so he never takes as himself things that are not the Self. (p. 129)

Dictionary: a-mānin, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 81, col. 2 “(√man), not proud, modest, MBh.”

मानदः mānadaḥ

He who gives honour to his devotees.

Shankara: By his māyā he gives all beings the sense of self in what is not the Self. Or he gives honour (māna) to his devotees. Or he cuts away (from the root do) the false sense of self in the knowers of truth. (p. 129)

Dictionary: māna-da, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 809, col. 2 “(√dā) giving or showing honour (esp. voc. sg. 'honour-giver' in respectful address), MBh.; Kāv. &c.”

मान्यः mānyaḥ

He whom all honour, as lord of all.

Shankara: He is to be honoured and worshipped by all, because he is the lord of all. (p. 129)

Dictionary: mānya, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 809, col. 3 “to be respected or honoured, worthy of honour, respectable, venerable, Mn.; MBh. &c.”

लोकस्वामी lokasvāmī

Lord of the fourteen worlds.

Shankara: He is the ruler of the fourteen worlds. (p. 129)

Dictionary: svāmin, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1284, col. 1 “an owner, proprietor, master, lord or owner of (gen., loc., or comp.), Mn.; MBh. &c.”

त्रिलोकधृक् trilokadhṛk

He who holds up the three worlds.

Shankara: He holds up the three worlds. (p. 129)

Dictionary: tri-loka, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 460, col. 1 “n. sg. [MBh. xiii; Hariv. 11303] m. pl. [R. iii] the 3 worlds (= -patha)”; dhṛk, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 519, col. 2 “(only nom. sg.) = (& v.l. for) dhṛit, mfn. holding, bearing, supporting, wearing, having, possessing, &c. (only ifc.)”

सुमेधाः sumedhāḥ

He whose mind is fine.

Shankara: His intelligence (medhā, prajñā) is fine. Shankara explains the grammar of the form from Pāṇini's rule. (p. 129)

Dictionary: su-medhas, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1231, col. 2 “having a good understanding, sensible, intelligent, wise, RV. &c. &c.”

मेधजः medhajaḥ

He who was born in the sacrifice.

Shankara: He was born in the sacrifice (medha, adhvara). (p. 129)

Dictionary: medha-ja, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 833, col. 1 “'sacrifice-born,' N. of Vishṇu, MBh.”

धन्यः dhanyaḥ

He who has gained every aim.

Shankara: He has fulfilled every aim (kṛtārtha). (p. 129)

Dictionary: dhanya, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 509, col. 1 “bringing or bestowing wealth, opulent, rich (ifc. full of), RV. &c. &c.; fortunate, happy, auspicious”

सत्यमेधाः satyamedhāḥ

He whose mind is true.

Shankara: His intelligence is true, never false. (p. 129)

Dictionary: satya-medhas, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1136, col. 2 “having true intelligence (said of Vishṇu), MBh.”

धराधरः dharādharaḥ

He who bears the earth.

Shankara: With all his parts, Śeṣa and the others, he holds up the whole earth. (p. 129)

Dictionary: dharā-dhara, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 510, col. 2 “'earth-bearer,' N. of Vishṇu or Kṛishṇa, MBh.; BhP.”

तेजोवृषः tejovṛṣaḥ

He who, as the sun, always sends down rain.

Shankara: In the form of the sun he always rains down the waters that come from light. (p. 130)

Dictionary: tejas, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 454, col. 2 “the sharp edge (of a knife &c.), point or top of a flame or ray, glow, glare, splendour, brilliance, light, fire, RV. &c.”; vṛṣa, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1012, col. 1 “water, ib., Sch.”

द्युतिधरः dyutidharaḥ

He whose body holds radiance.

Shankara: He bears the radiance (dyuti) that is in his limbs. (p. 130)

Dictionary: dyuti, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 500, col. 1 “splendour (as a goddess, Hariv. 14035), brightness, lustre, majesty, dignity”

सर्वशस्त्रभृतां वरः sarvaśastrabhṛtāṃ varaḥ

The best of all who bear weapons.

Shankara: He is the best of all who bear weapons. (p. 130)

Dictionary: śastra-bhṛt, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1061, col. 1 “m. = -dhara, Gaut.; Mn.; MBh. &c.”; vara, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 922, col. 1 “valuable, precious, best, most excellent or eminent among (gen., loc., abl., or comp.)”

प्रग्रहः pragrahaḥ

He who accepts what devotees offer; he who reins in the senses.

Shankara: He accepts the leaves, flowers and the rest that his devotees bring. Or, like reins, by his grace he binds the unruly horses of the senses that run in the forest of objects. Shankara cites Pāṇini for the form of the word. (p. 130)

Dictionary: pra-graha, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 656, col. 2 “a rein, bridle, KaṭhUp.; MBh. &c.; ... a guide, leader, ruler (also as N. of Vishṇu-Kṛishṇa), MBh.”

निग्रहः nigrahaḥ

He who holds all things in check by his will.

Shankara: By his own will he restrains everything. (p. 130)

Dictionary: ni-graha, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 546, col. 1 “keeping down or back, restraining, binding, coercion, suppression, subjugation, Mn.; MBh. &c.”

व्यग्रः vyagraḥ

He who has no end; or he who is eager to grant his devotees' wishes.

Shankara: His end (agra), that is his destruction, is gone (vigata). Or he is eager (vyagra) in giving his devotees what they wish for. (p. 130)

Dictionary: vy-agra, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1029, col. 1 “intent on, engrossed by, eagerly occupied with or employed in (instr., loc., or comp.; sometimes said of hands and fingers), MBh.; Hariv.; Kāv. &c.; ... m. N. of Vishṇu, MW.”

नैकशृङ्गः naikaśṛṅgaḥ

He who has four horns, as the Veda says.

Shankara: He has four horns, from the words of the mantra: "Four horns." (p. 130)

Dictionary: naika, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 523, col. 3 “not one, more than one, various, manifold, numerous, many”; śṛṅga, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1087, col. 1 “the horn of an animal, a horn used for various purposes”

गदाग्रजः gadāgrajaḥ

Gada's elder brother; or he who comes forth first by the mantra.

Shankara: He is born first by nigada, the mantra, with the syllable ni dropped. Or Gada is the younger brother of Śrī Vāsudeva, and he was born before him. (p. 130)

Dictionary: gadāgraja, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 344, col. 3 “'elder brother of Gada,' N. of Kṛishṇa, MBh. iii, 733; BhP. iv, 23, 12”