Vishnu Sahasranama: Lyrics and Meaning

विष्णु सहस्रनाम

Traditionally attributed to the sage Vyasa, as part of the Mahabharata

The Vishnu Sahasranama ("the thousand names of Vishnu") is a hymn in Sanskrit. Its core is a chapter of the Anushasana Parva, the book of instruction of the Mahabharata. After the war, Bhishma lies on his bed of arrows. Yudhishthira asks him six questions: who is the one god, who is the one refuge, by praising whom and by worshipping whom do people reach what is good, what is the highest duty, and by reciting what does a person go free from the bond of birth and death. Bhishma answers with the thousand names of Vishnu, which, he says, the sages sang.

Also spelled: Vishnu Sahasranamam.

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  1. Opening verses
  2. Yudhishthira's questions and Bhishma's answer
  3. Nyasa and meditation verses
  4. Verses of names 1–27
  5. Verses of names 28–54
  6. Verses of names 55–81
  7. Verses of names 82–107
  8. What the hymn brings (closing verses)
  9. Arjuna's prayer and the closing verses of praise

Opening verses

Opening verse

शुक्लांबरधरं विष्णुं शशिवर्णं चतुर्भुजं ।
प्रसन्नवदनं ध्यायेत्सर्वविघ्नोपशांतये ॥

Shuklambaradharam vishnum shashivarnam chaturbhujam
Prasannavadanam dhyayetsarvavighnopashantaye

IAST

śuklāṃbaradharaṃ viṣṇuṃ śaśivarṇaṃ caturbhujaṃ |
prasannavadanaṃ dhyāyetsarvavighnopaśāṃtaye ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENA verse for meditation, said before the hymn. It asks the reader to meditate on Vishnu, who wears white clothes, has the colour of the moon and four arms, and has a calm, pleased face, so that every obstacle may be removed.

हिस्तोत्र से पहले बोला जाने वाला ध्यान का श्लोक। यह कहता है कि सब विघ्नों की शांति के लिए विष्णु का ध्यान करें, जो श्वेत वस्त्र पहनते हैं, जिनका रंग चंद्रमा जैसा है, जिनकी चार भुजाएँ हैं और जिनका मुख प्रसन्न है।

Word by word
  1. शुक्लांबरधरम् śuklāṃbaradharam · wearing white clothes (compound, accusative singular) Dictionary: śuklāmbara-dhara, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1080, col. 3 “wearing or arrayed in wh° g°s”; śukla, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1080, col. 2 “white, whitish”
  2. विष्णुम् viṣṇum · Vishnu (noun (masculine), accusative singular) Dictionary: viṣṇu, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 999, col. 1 “N. of one of the principal Hindū deities”
  3. शशिवर्णम् śaśivarṇam · the colour of the moon (compound, accusative singular) Dictionary: śaśin, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1060, col. 2 “the moon”; varṇa, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 924, col. 2 “colour, tint, dye, pigment”
  4. चतुर्भुजम् caturbhujam · four-armed (compound, accusative singular) Dictionary: catur-bhuja, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 384, col. 3 “four-armed”
  5. प्रसन्नवदनम् prasannavadanam · with a calm, pleased face (compound, accusative singular) Dictionary: pra-sanna, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 696, col. 3 “gracious, kind, kindly disposed towards”; vadana, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 916, col. 2 “the mouth, face, countenance”
  6. ध्यायेत् dhyāyet · one should meditate on (optative, 3rd person singular) Dictionary: dhyai, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 521, col. 1 “to think of, imagine, contemplate, meditate on, call to mind, recollect”
  7. सर्वविघ्नोपशांतये sarvavighnopaśāṃtaye · for the calming of all obstacles (compound, dative singular) Dictionary: sarva, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1184, col. 3 “whole, entire, all, every”; vi-ghna, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 957, col. 3 “an obstacle, impediment, hindrance”; upa-śānti, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 207, col. 3 “cessation, intermission, remission”

Explanation written for this site and checked against the cited edition. Free to quote with credit.

Verse 1

यस्य स्मरणमात्रेण जन्मसंसारबंधनात् ॥
विमुच्यते नमस्तस्मै विष्णवे प्रभविष्णवे ॥ १ ॥

Yasya smaranamatrena janmasansarabandhanat
Vimuchyate namastasmai vishnave prabhavishnave

IAST

yasya smaraṇamātreṇa janmasaṃsārabaṃdhanāt ||
vimucyate namastasmai viṣṇave prabhaviṣṇave || 1 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENA salutation to Vishnu, the mighty one. The verse says that only by remembering him a person goes free from the bond of birth and the round of worldly life.

हिसर्वशक्तिमान विष्णु को नमस्कार। श्लोक कहता है कि उनके स्मरण मात्र से मनुष्य जन्म और संसार के बंधन से छूट जाता है।

This verse states the benefits the text itself promises. They are the text’s own words, not a claim made by this site.

Verse 2

नमः समस्तभूतानामादिभूताय भूभृते ॥
अनेकरूपरूपाय विष्णवे प्रभविष्णवे ॥ २ ॥

Namah samastabhutanamadibhutaya bhubhrite
Anekaruparupaya vishnave prabhavishnave

IAST

namaḥ samastabhūtānāmādibhūtāya bhūbhṛte ||
anekarūparūpāya viṣṇave prabhaviṣṇave || 2 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENA salutation to Vishnu, the mighty one. He is the first of all beings and he holds up the earth. He takes many forms.

हिसर्वशक्तिमान विष्णु को नमस्कार। वे सब प्राणियों के आदि हैं और पृथ्वी को धारण करते हैं। वे अनेक रूप धारण करते हैं।

Edition differences. Another printing or text reads this place differently.

  • Omission The 1921 Bombay printing reads: (not printed) The 1921 printing goes from the first verse straight to 'वैशंपायन उवाच' (leaf n138).

Yudhishthira's questions and Bhishma's answer

Verse 3

वैशंपायन उवाच ॥ Vaishampayana uvacha

श्रुत्वा धर्मानशेषेण पावनानि च सर्वशः ॥
युधिष्ठिरः शांतनवं पुनरेवाभ्यभाषत ॥ ३ ॥

Shrutva dharmanasheshena pavanani cha sarvashah
Yudhishthirah shantanavam punarevabhyabhashata

IAST

śrutvā dharmānaśeṣeṇa pāvanāni ca sarvaśaḥ ||
yudhiṣṭhiraḥ śāṃtanavaṃ punarevābhyabhāṣata || 3 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENVaishampayana tells the story. Yudhishthira has heard from Bhishma all the duties and all the things that make a person pure. Then he speaks to Bhishma, the son of Shantanu, again.

हिवैशंपायन कथा सुनाते हैं। युधिष्ठिर ने भीष्म से सब धर्म और मनुष्य को पवित्र करने वाली सब बातें सुन ली हैं। तब वे शांतनु के पुत्र भीष्म से फिर बोलते हैं।

Edition differences. Another printing or text reads this place differently.

  • Numbering The 1921 Bombay printing reads: ॥ २ ॥ The 1921 printing numbers this verse 2 (leaf n138), and every verse up to purva-15 one less than the 1923 printing.

Vaiçampāyana said,—

“Having heard all the duties in their entirety and all those sacred acts and objects that cleanse human beings of their sins, Yudhishthira once more addressed the son of Cāntanu in the following words.

English translation: K. M. Ganguli, The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa, Anuçasana Parva, Section CXLIX (Calcutta: Bharata Press, published by Pratapa Chandra Ray, 1893); public domain. archive.org (page 684, scan leaf n699). Shown verbatim.

Verse 4

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ॥ Yudhishthira uvacha

किमेकं दैवतं लोके किं वाप्येकं परायणम् ॥
स्तुवन्तः कं कमर्चन्तः प्राप्नुयुर्मानवाः शुभम् ॥ ४ ॥

Kimekam daivatam loke kim vapyekam parayanam
Stuvantah kam kamarchantah prapnuyurmanavah shubham

IAST

kimekaṃ daivataṃ loke kiṃ vāpyekaṃ parāyaṇam ||
stuvantaḥ kaṃ kamarcantaḥ prāpnuyurmānavāḥ śubham || 4 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENYudhishthira asks four questions. Who is the one god in the world? Who is the one highest refuge? By praising whom, and by worshipping whom, do people reach what is good?

हियुधिष्ठिर चार प्रश्न पूछते हैं। संसार में एक देवता कौन है? एक परम आश्रय कौन है? किसकी स्तुति करके और किसकी पूजा करके मनुष्य कल्याण पाते हैं?

“Yudhishthira said,—

‘Who may be said to be the one god in the world ? Who may be said to be the one object which is our sole refuge ? Who is he by worshipping whom or hymning whose praises human beings would get what is beneficial ?

English translation: K. M. Ganguli, The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa, Anuçasana Parva, Section CXLIX (Calcutta: Bharata Press, published by Pratapa Chandra Ray, 1893); public domain. archive.org (page 684, scan leaf n699). Shown verbatim.

Verse 5

को धर्मः सर्वधर्माणां भवतः परमो मतः ॥
किं जपन्मुच्यते जन्तुर्जन्मसंसारबन्धनात् ॥ ५ ॥

Ko dharmah sarvadharmanam bhavatah paramo matah
Kim japanmuchyate janturjanmasansarabandhanat

IAST

ko dharmaḥ sarvadharmāṇāṃ bhavataḥ paramo mataḥ ||
kiṃ japanmucyate janturjanmasaṃsārabandhanāt || 5 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENHe asks two more questions. Which duty does Bhishma hold to be the highest of all duties? By reciting what does a living being go free from the bond of birth and worldly life?

हिवे दो और प्रश्न पूछते हैं। भीष्म सब धर्मों में किस धर्म को सबसे बड़ा मानते हैं? किसका जप करके प्राणी जन्म और संसार के बंधन से छूटता है?

What religion is that which, according to thy judgment, is the foremost of all religions ? What are those Mantras by reciting which a living creature becomes freed from the bonds of birth and life ?—’

English translation: K. M. Ganguli, The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa, Anuçasana Parva, Section CXLIX (Calcutta: Bharata Press, published by Pratapa Chandra Ray, 1893); public domain. archive.org (page 684, scan leaf n699). Shown verbatim.

Verse 6

भीष्म उवाच ॥ Bhishma uvacha

जगत्प्रभुं देवदेवमनंतं पुरुषोत्तमम् ॥
स्तुवन्नामसहस्रेण पुरुषः सततोत्थितः ॥ ६ ॥

Jagatprabhum devadevamanantam purushottamam
Stuvannamasahasrena purushah satatotthitah

IAST

jagatprabhuṃ devadevamanaṃtaṃ puruṣottamam ||
stuvannāmasahasreṇa puruṣaḥ satatotthitaḥ || 6 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENBhishma answers. A person should stay alert and always praise the Lord of the world, the god of gods, the endless one, the highest person, with his thousand names.

हिभीष्म उत्तर देते हैं। मनुष्य को सदा सजग रहकर जगत के स्वामी, देवों के देव, अनंत, पुरुषोत्तम की उनके हज़ार नामों से स्तुति करनी चाहिए।

Edition differences. Another printing or text reads this place differently.

  • The printed edition reads: जगत्प्रभुं देवेदेवमनंतं पुरुषोत्तमम् ॥
    स्तुवन्नामसहस्रेण पुरुषः सततोत्थितः ॥ ६ ॥
    'देवेदेवम्' (a misprinted vowel sign, read at high zoom on leaf n5) is corrected to 'देवदेवम्', as the 1921 printing has it (leaf n138).

“Bhishma said,—

One should always, with alacrity and throwing away all langour, hymn the praises of that Lord of the universe, that god of gods, (viz., Vāsudeva),1 who is Infinite and the foremost of all Beings, by uttering his thousand names.

  1. Vāsudeva is Nārāyana, and Arjuna is Nara. Nara and Nārāyana had practised severe penances at Vadari on the breast of Himavat for many thousand years. Vyāsa afterwards adopted Vadari as his retreat.—T. ↩
English translation: K. M. Ganguli, The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa, Anuçasana Parva, Section CXLIX (Calcutta: Bharata Press, published by Pratapa Chandra Ray, 1893); public domain. archive.org (page 684, scan leaf n699). Shown verbatim.

Verse 7

तमेव चार्चयन्नित्यं भक्त्या पुरुषमव्ययम् ॥
ध्यायन्स्तुवन्नमस्यंश्च यजमानस्तमेव च ॥ ७ ॥

Tameva charchayannityam bhaktya purushamavyayam
Dhyayanstuvannamasyanshcha yajamanastameva cha

IAST

tameva cārcayannityaṃ bhaktyā puruṣamavyayam ||
dhyāyanstuvannamasyaṃśca yajamānastameva ca || 7 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENBhishma goes on. A person worships that same unchanging being every day with devotion. He thinks of him, praises him, bows to him and offers worship to him alone.

हिभीष्म आगे कहते हैं। मनुष्य उसी अविनाशी पुरुष की रोज़ भक्ति से पूजा करता है। वह उन्हीं का ध्यान करता है, स्तुति करता है, उन्हें नमस्कार करता है और उन्हीं का यजन करता है।

By always worshipping with reverence and devotion that immutable Being, by meditating on him, by hymning his praises, and bowing the head unto him, and by performing sacrifices unto him,

English translation: K. M. Ganguli, The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa, Anuçasana Parva, Section CXLIX (Calcutta: Bharata Press, published by Pratapa Chandra Ray, 1893); public domain. archive.org (page 684, scan leaf n699). Shown verbatim.

Verse 8

अनादिनिधनं विष्णुं सर्वलोकमहेश्वरम् ॥
लोकाध्यक्षं स्तुवन्नित्यं सर्वदुःखातिगो भवेत् ॥ ८ ॥

Anadinidhanam vishnum sarvalokamaheshvaram
Lokadhyaksham stuvannityam sarvaduhkhatigo bhavet

IAST

anādinidhanaṃ viṣṇuṃ sarvalokamaheśvaram ||
lokādhyakṣaṃ stuvannityaṃ sarvaduḥkhātigo bhavet || 8 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENVishnu has no beginning and no end. He is the great Lord of all worlds and watches over them. The verse says that a person who praises him every day goes beyond all sorrow.

हिविष्णु का न आदि है न अंत। वे सब लोकों के महान स्वामी हैं और उन पर दृष्टि रखते हैं। श्लोक कहता है कि जो उनकी रोज़ स्तुति करता है, वह सब दुखों से पार हो जाता है।

This verse states the benefits the text itself promises. They are the text’s own words, not a claim made by this site.

indeed, by always praising Vishnu, who is without beginning and without end or destruction, who is the supreme Lord of all the worlds, and who is the Master and Controller of the universe, one can succeed in transcending all sorrow.

English translation: K. M. Ganguli, The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa, Anuçasana Parva, Section CXLIX (Calcutta: Bharata Press, published by Pratapa Chandra Ray, 1893); public domain. archive.org (page 684, scan leaf n699). Shown verbatim.

Verse 9

ब्रह्मण्यं सर्वधर्मज्ञं लोकानां कीर्तिवर्धनम् ॥
लोकनाथं महद्भूतं सर्वभूतभवोद्भवम् ॥ ९ ॥

Brahmanyam sarvadharmajnam lokanam kirtivardhanam
Lokanatham mahadbhutam sarvabhutabhavodbhavam

IAST

brahmaṇyaṃ sarvadharmajñaṃ lokānāṃ kīrtivardhanam ||
lokanāthaṃ mahadbhūtaṃ sarvabhūtabhavodbhavam || 9 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENHe is kind to the Brahmanas and knows every duty. He makes the fame of the worlds grow. He is the Lord of the worlds, the great being, the source from which all beings come.

हिवे ब्राह्मणों के हितकारी हैं और सब धर्मों को जानते हैं। वे लोकों की कीर्ति बढ़ाते हैं। वे लोकों के स्वामी हैं, महान सत्ता हैं, और सब प्राणियों का उद्गम हैं।

Verily, He is devoted to the Brāhmanas, conversant with all duties and practices, the enhancer of the fame and achievements of all persons, the master of all the worlds, exceedingly wonderful, and the prime cause of the origin of all creatures.

English translation: K. M. Ganguli, The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa, Anuçasana Parva, Section CXLIX (Calcutta: Bharata Press, published by Pratapa Chandra Ray, 1893); public domain. archive.org (page 684–685, scan leaf n699–n700). Shown verbatim.

Verse 10

एष मे सर्वधर्माणां धर्मोऽधिकतमो मतः ॥
यद्भक्त्या पुंडरीकाक्षं स्तवैरर्चेन्नरः सदा ॥ १० ॥

Esha me sarvadharmanam dharmodhikatamo matah
Yadbhaktya pundarikaksham stavairarchennarah sada

IAST

eṣa me sarvadharmāṇāṃ dharmo’dhikatamo mataḥ ||
yadbhaktyā puṃḍarīkākṣaṃ stavairarcennaraḥ sadā || 10 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENBhishma gives his own view. Of all duties he holds this one to be the highest: that a person always worships the lotus-eyed Lord with devotion and with hymns of praise.

हिभीष्म अपना मत बताते हैं। सब धर्मों में वे इसी को सबसे बड़ा धर्म मानते हैं: कि मनुष्य कमल-नयन भगवान की सदा भक्ति और स्तुतियों से पूजा करे।

Even this, in my judgment, is the foremost religion of all religions, viz., one should always worship and hymn the praises of the lotus-eyed Vāsudeva with devotion.

English translation: K. M. Ganguli, The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa, Anuçasana Parva, Section CXLIX (Calcutta: Bharata Press, published by Pratapa Chandra Ray, 1893); public domain. archive.org (page 685, scan leaf n700). Shown verbatim.

Verse 11

परमं यो महत्तेजः परमं यो महत्तपः ॥
परमं यो महद्ब्रह्म परमं यः परायणम् ॥ ११ ॥

Paramam yo mahattejah paramam yo mahattapah
Paramam yo mahadbrahma paramam yah parayanam

IAST

paramaṃ yo mahattejaḥ paramaṃ yo mahattapaḥ ||
paramaṃ yo mahadbrahma paramaṃ yaḥ parāyaṇam || 11 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENHe is the highest and greatest light. He is the highest and greatest austerity. He is the highest and greatest Brahman. He is the highest refuge.

हिवे परम और महान तेज हैं। वे परम और महान तप हैं। वे परम और महान ब्रह्म हैं। वे परम आश्रय हैं।

He is the highest Energy. He is the highest Penance. He is the highest Brahma. He is the highest refuge.

English translation: K. M. Ganguli, The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa, Anuçasana Parva, Section CXLIX (Calcutta: Bharata Press, published by Pratapa Chandra Ray, 1893); public domain. archive.org (page 685, scan leaf n700). Shown verbatim.

Verse 12

पवित्राणां पवित्रं यो मंगलानां च मंगलम् ॥
दैवतं देवतानां च भूतानां योऽव्ययः पिता ॥ १२ ॥

Pavitranam pavitram yo mangalanam cha mangalam
Daivatam devatanam cha bhutanam yovyayah pita

IAST

pavitrāṇāṃ pavitraṃ yo maṃgalānāṃ ca maṃgalam ||
daivataṃ devatānāṃ ca bhūtānāṃ yo’vyayaḥ pitā || 12 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENHe is the purest of all pure things and the most blessed of all blessed things. He is the god of the gods and the unchanging father of all beings.

हिवे सब पवित्र वस्तुओं में सबसे पवित्र हैं और सब मंगलों के मंगल हैं। वे देवताओं के देवता हैं और सब प्राणियों के अविनाशी पिता हैं।

He is the most holy of all holies, the most auspicious of all auspicious objects. He is the god of all the gods, and He is the immutable father of all creatures.

English translation: K. M. Ganguli, The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa, Anuçasana Parva, Section CXLIX (Calcutta: Bharata Press, published by Pratapa Chandra Ray, 1893); public domain. archive.org (page 685, scan leaf n700). Shown verbatim.

Verse 13

यतः सर्वाणि भूतानि भवंत्यादियुगागमे ॥
यस्मिंश्च प्रलयं यान्ति पुनरेव युगक्षये ॥ १३ ॥

Yatah sarvani bhutani bhavantyadiyugagame
Yasminshcha pralayam yanti punareva yugakshaye

IAST

yataḥ sarvāṇi bhūtāni bhavaṃtyādiyugāgame ||
yasmiṃśca pralayaṃ yānti punareva yugakṣaye || 13 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENWhen the first age of a cycle begins, all beings come from him. When the age ends, they go back into him again.

हिजब युग का आरंभ होता है, सब प्राणी उन्हीं से उत्पन्न होते हैं। जब युग का अंत होता है, वे फिर उन्हीं में लीन हो जाते हैं।

On the advent of the primitive Yuga, all creatures spring from him. On the expiration, again of the Yuga, all things disappear in him.1

  1. The Hindu sages never attempt to speculate on the original creation of the universe. Their speculations, however, are concerned with what is called ‘Avāntarā srishti’ or that creation which springs forth with the awakening of Brahman. Creation and Destruction have occurred ceaselessly and will occur ceaselessly. The original creation is impossible to conceive, as Eternity cannot have a beginning.—T. ↩
English translation: K. M. Ganguli, The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa, Anuçasana Parva, Section CXLIX (Calcutta: Bharata Press, published by Pratapa Chandra Ray, 1893); public domain. archive.org (page 685, scan leaf n700). Shown verbatim.

Verse 14

तस्य लोकप्रधानस्य जगन्नाथस्य भूपते ॥
विष्णोर्नामसहस्रं मे शृणु पापभयापहम् ॥ १४ ॥

Tasya lokapradhanasya jagannathasya bhupate
Vishnornamasahasram me shrinu papabhayapaham

IAST

tasya lokapradhānasya jagannāthasya bhūpate ||
viṣṇornāmasahasraṃ me śṛṇu pāpabhayāpaham || 14 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENBhishma asks the king to listen. He will tell the thousand names of Vishnu, the first in all worlds and the Lord of the universe. He says that the names take away sin and fear.

हिभीष्म राजा से सुनने को कहते हैं। वे सब लोकों में प्रधान, जगत के स्वामी विष्णु के हज़ार नाम सुनाएँगे। वे कहते हैं कि ये नाम पाप और भय को दूर करते हैं।

Hear, O king, the thousand names, possessed of great efficacy in destroying sins, of that foremost one in all the worlds, that Master of the universe, viz., Vishnu.

English translation: K. M. Ganguli, The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa, Anuçasana Parva, Section CXLIX (Calcutta: Bharata Press, published by Pratapa Chandra Ray, 1893); public domain. archive.org (page 685, scan leaf n700). Shown verbatim.

Verse 15

यानि नामानि गौणानि विख्यातानि महात्मनः ॥
ऋषिभिः परिगीतानि तानि वक्ष्यामि भूतये ॥ १५ ॥

Yani namani gaunani vikhyatani mahatmanah
Rishibhih parigitani tani vakshyami bhutaye

IAST

yāni nāmāni gauṇāni vikhyātāni mahātmanaḥ ||
ṛṣibhiḥ parigītāni tāni vakṣyāmi bhūtaye || 15 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENThe names come from the qualities of the great Lord. They are well known, and the sages sang them. Bhishma will tell them for the good of all.

हिये नाम महान भगवान के गुणों से बने हैं। ये प्रसिद्ध हैं और ऋषियों ने इन्हें गाया है। भीष्म इन्हें सबके कल्याण के लिए सुनाएँगे।

All those names, derived from His attributes, secret and well-known, of the high-souled Vāsudeva, which were sung by the Rishis, I shall recite to thee for the good of all.

English translation: K. M. Ganguli, The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa, Anuçasana Parva, Section CXLIX (Calcutta: Bharata Press, published by Pratapa Chandra Ray, 1893); public domain. archive.org (page 685, scan leaf n700). Shown verbatim.

Nyasa and meditation verses

Verse 16

ऋषिर्नाम्नां सहस्रस्य वेदव्यासो महामुनिः ॥
छंदोऽनुष्टुप् तथा देवो भगवान्देवकीसुतः ॥ १६ ॥

Rishirnamnam sahasrasya vedavyaso mahamunih
Chhandonushtup tatha devo bhagavandevakisutah

IAST

ṛṣirnāmnāṃ sahasrasya vedavyāso mahāmuniḥ ||
chaṃdo’nuṣṭup tathā devo bhagavāndevakīsutaḥ || 16 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENThis verse names the seer, the metre and the deity of the thousand names. The seer is the great sage Veda Vyasa. The metre is anushtubh. The deity is the Lord, the son of Devaki, that is, Krishna.

हियह श्लोक हज़ार नामों के ऋषि, छंद और देवता बताता है। ऋषि महामुनि वेदव्यास हैं। छंद अनुष्टुप् है। देवता देवकी के पुत्र भगवान, अर्थात् कृष्ण हैं।

Edition differences. Another printing or text reads this place differently.

  • Omission The 1921 Bombay printing reads: (not printed) The 1921 printing goes from its verse ॥ १४ ॥ (our purva-15) straight to the viniyoga (leaf n140).

Verse 17

विष्णुं जिष्णुं महाविष्णुं प्रभविष्णुं महेश्वरम् ॥
अनेकरूपदैत्यांतं नमामि पुरुषोत्तमम् ॥ १७ ॥

Vishnum jishnum mahavishnum prabhavishnum maheshvaram
Anekarupadaityantam namami purushottamam

IAST

viṣṇuṃ jiṣṇuṃ mahāviṣṇuṃ prabhaviṣṇuṃ maheśvaram ||
anekarūpadaityāṃtaṃ namāmi puruṣottamam || 17 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENThe reciter bows to the highest person: Vishnu, the victorious one, the great Vishnu, the mighty one, the great Lord, who ends the demons of many forms.

हिपाठ करने वाला पुरुषोत्तम को नमस्कार करता है: जो विष्णु हैं, विजयी हैं, महाविष्णु हैं, सर्वशक्तिमान हैं, महेश्वर हैं, और अनेक रूपों वाले दैत्यों का अंत करते हैं।

Edition differences. Another printing or text reads this place differently.

  • Omission The 1921 Bombay printing reads: (not printed)

Nyasa 1

अस्य श्रीविष्णोर्दिव्यसहस्रनामस्तोत्रमहामंत्रस्य भगवान्वेदव्यास ऋषिः ॥
अनुष्टुप्छंदः ॥
श्रीकृष्णः परमात्मा श्रीमन्नारायणो देवता ॥
अमृतांशूद्भवो भानुरिति बीजम् ॥
देवकीनन्दनः स्रष्टेति शक्तिः ॥
त्रिसामा सामगः सामेति हृदयम् ॥
शंखभृन्नन्दकी चक्रीति कीलकम् ॥
शार्ङ्गधन्वा गदाधर इत्यस्त्रम् ॥
रथांगपाणिरक्षोभ्य इति कवचम् ॥
उद्भवः क्षोभणो देव इति परमो मंत्रः ॥
श्रीकृष्णप्रीत्यर्थे विष्णोर्दिव्यसहस्रनामस्तोत्रजपे विनियोगः ॥

Asya shrivishnordivyasahasranamastotramahamantrasya bhagavanvedavyasa rishih
Anushtupchhandah
Shrikrishnah paramatma shrimannarayano devata
Amritanshudbhavo bhanuriti bijam
Devakinandanah srashteti shaktih
Trisama samagah sameti hridayam
Shankhabhrinnandaki chakriti kilakam
Sharngadhanva gadadhara ityastram
Rathangapanirakshobhya iti kavacham
Udbhavah kshobhano deva iti paramo mantrah
Shrikrishnaprityarthe vishnordivyasahasranamastotrajape viniyogah

IAST

asya śrīviṣṇordivyasahasranāmastotramahāmaṃtrasya bhagavānvedavyāsa ṛṣiḥ ||
anuṣṭupchaṃdaḥ ||
śrīkṛṣṇaḥ paramātmā śrīmannārāyaṇo devatā ||
amṛtāṃśūdbhavo bhānuriti bījam ||
devakīnandanaḥ sraṣṭeti śaktiḥ ||
trisāmā sāmagaḥ sāmeti hṛdayam ||
śaṃkhabhṛnnandakī cakrīti kīlakam ||
śārṅgadhanvā gadādhara ityastram ||
rathāṃgapāṇirakṣobhya iti kavacam ||
udbhavaḥ kṣobhaṇo deva iti paramo maṃtraḥ ||
śrīkṛṣṇaprītyarthe viṣṇordivyasahasranāmastotrajape viniyogaḥ ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENThe viniyoga states the purpose of the recitation. The seer of this great hymn of the thousand names is the Lord Veda Vyasa, the metre is anushtubh, and the deity is Krishna, the supreme Self, Narayana. Lines of names from the hymn are then named as its seed (bija), its power (shakti), its heart, its pin (kilaka), its weapon, its armour and its highest mantra. Last, the reciter says that the recitation is done to please Krishna.

हिविनियोग पाठ का प्रयोजन बताता है। इस महान सहस्रनाम-स्तोत्र के ऋषि भगवान वेदव्यास हैं, छंद अनुष्टुप् है, और देवता परमात्मा श्रीकृष्ण, श्रीमन्नारायण हैं। फिर स्तोत्र के कुछ नामों की पंक्तियों को उसका बीज, शक्ति, हृदय, कीलक, अस्त्र, कवच और परम मंत्र कहा गया है। अंत में पाठ करने वाला कहता है कि यह जप श्रीकृष्ण की प्रसन्नता के लिए है।

Edition differences. Another printing or text reads this place differently.

  • Word The 1921 Bombay printing reads: अस्य श्रीविष्णोर्दिव्यसहस्रनामस्तोत्रमंत्रस्य भगवान् वेदव्यास ऋषिः ॥ श्रीविष्णुः परमात्मा देवता ॥ अनुष्टुप् छंदः ॥ अमृतांशूद्भवो भानुरिति बीजम् ॥ देवकीनंदनः स्रष्टेति शक्तिः ॥ त्रिसामा सामगः सामेति हृदयम् ॥ शंखभृन्नंदकी चक्रीति कीलकम् ॥ शार्ङ्गधन्वा गदाधर इत्यस्त्रम् ॥ रथांगपाणिरक्षोभ्य इति कवचम् ॥ उद्भवः क्षोभणो देव इति परमो मंत्रः ॥ श्रीमहाविष्णुप्रीत्यर्थे जपे विनियोगः ॥ Leaves n140–n141. 'स्तोत्रमंत्रस्य' for 'स्तोत्रमहामंत्रस्य'; the deity 'श्रीविष्णुः परमात्मा' for 'श्रीकृष्णः परमात्मा श्रीमन्नारायणो', named before the metre; 'श्रीमहाविष्णुप्रीत्यर्थे जपे' for 'श्रीकृष्णप्रीत्यर्थे विष्णोर्दिव्यसहस्रनामस्तोत्रजपे'.

Nyasa 2

ॐ उद्भवाय अंगुष्ठाभ्यां नमः ॥
ॐ क्षोभणाय तर्जनीभ्यां नमः ॥
ॐ देवाय मध्यमाभ्यां नमः ॥
ॐ उद्भवाय अनामिकाभ्यां नमः ॥
ॐ क्षोभणाय कनिष्ठिकाभ्यां नमः ॥
ॐ देवाय करतलकरपृष्ठाभ्यां नमः ॥

Om udbhavaya angushthabhyam namah
Om kshobhanaya tarjanibhyam namah
Om devaya madhyamabhyam namah
Om udbhavaya anamikabhyam namah
Om kshobhanaya kanishthikabhyam namah
Om devaya karatalakaraprishthabhyam namah

IAST

oṃ udbhavāya aṃguṣṭhābhyāṃ namaḥ ||
oṃ kṣobhaṇāya tarjanībhyāṃ namaḥ ||
oṃ devāya madhyamābhyāṃ namaḥ ||
oṃ udbhavāya anāmikābhyāṃ namaḥ ||
oṃ kṣobhaṇāya kaniṣṭhikābhyāṃ namaḥ ||
oṃ devāya karatalakarapṛṣṭhābhyāṃ namaḥ ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENThe karanyasa places three names of the Lord on the hands: Udbhava (the source), Kshobhana (the one who stirs creation) and Deva (the shining one). Each line salutes one name and touches a finger: the thumbs, the index fingers, the middle fingers, the ring fingers, the little fingers, and last the palms and the backs of the hands.

हिकरन्यास में भगवान के तीन नाम हाथों पर रखे जाते हैं: उद्भव (उद्गम), क्षोभण (सृष्टि को गति देने वाले) और देव (प्रकाशमान)। हर पंक्ति एक नाम को नमस्कार करती है और एक उँगली को छूती है: अँगूठे, तर्जनी, मध्यमा, अनामिका, कनिष्ठिका, और अंत में हथेलियाँ और हाथों का पिछला भाग।

Edition differences. Another printing or text reads this place differently.

  • Word The 1921 Bombay printing reads: अथ न्यासः ॥ विश्वं विष्णुर्वषट्कार इत्यंगुष्ठाभ्यां नमः ॥ अमृतांशूद्भवो भानुरिति तर्जनीभ्यां नमः ॥ ब्रह्मण्यो ब्रह्मकृत् ब्रह्मेति मध्यमाभ्यां नमः ॥ सुवर्णबिंदुरक्षोभ्य इत्यनामिकाभ्यां नमः ॥ निमिषोऽनिमिषः स्रग्वीति कनिष्ठिकाभ्यां नमः ॥ रथांगपाणिरक्षोभ्य इति करतलकरपृष्ठाभ्यां नमः ॥ Leaf n141. The 1921 printing places six lines of names from the hymn on the fingers, not the three names Udbhava, Kshobhana and Deva.

Nyasa 3

सुव्रतः सुमुखः सूक्ष्मः ज्ञानाय हृदयाय नमः ॥
सहस्रमूर्धा विश्वात्मा ऐश्वर्याय शिरसे स्वाहा ॥
सहस्रार्चिः सप्तजिह्वः शक्त्यै शिखायै वषट् ॥
त्रिसामा सामगः साम बलाय कवचाय हुम् ॥
रथांगपाणिरक्षोभ्यः तेजसे नेत्राभ्यां वौषट् ॥
शार्ङ्गधन्वा गदाधरः वीर्याय अस्त्राय फट् ॥
ऋतुः सुदर्शनः कालः भूर्भुवः स्वरोम् इति दिग्बंधः ॥

Suvratah sumukhah sukshmah jnanaya hridayaya namah
Sahasramurdha vishvatma aishvaryaya shirase svaha
Sahasrarchih saptajihvah shaktyai shikhayai vashat
Trisama samagah sama balaya kavachaya hum
Rathangapanirakshobhyah tejase netrabhyam vaushat
Sharngadhanva gadadharah viryaya astraya phat
Rituh sudarshanah kalah bhurbhuvah svarom iti digbandhah

IAST

suvrataḥ sumukhaḥ sūkṣmaḥ jñānāya hṛdayāya namaḥ ||
sahasramūrdhā viśvātmā aiśvaryāya śirase svāhā ||
sahasrārciḥ saptajihvaḥ śaktyai śikhāyai vaṣaṭ ||
trisāmā sāmagaḥ sāma balāya kavacāya hum ||
rathāṃgapāṇirakṣobhyaḥ tejase netrābhyāṃ vauṣaṭ ||
śārṅgadhanvā gadādharaḥ vīryāya astrāya phaṭ ||
ṛtuḥ sudarśanaḥ kālaḥ bhūrbhuvaḥ svarom iti digbaṃdhaḥ ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENThe hridayadi-nyasa places lines of names from the hymn on six parts of the body: the heart, the head, the tuft of hair, the arms crossed as armour, the eyes, and last the hands as a weapon. Each line joins the names to one of the Lord's powers (knowledge, lordship, strength, might, splendour, valour) and ends with a ritual word. The last line, the dig-bandha, closes the ten directions with names and with 'bhūr bhuvaḥ svar om'.

हिहृदयादि-न्यास में स्तोत्र के नामों की पंक्तियाँ शरीर के छह अंगों पर रखी जाती हैं: हृदय, सिर, शिखा, कवच के रूप में भुजाएँ, नेत्र, और अंत में अस्त्र के रूप में हाथ। हर पंक्ति नामों को भगवान की एक शक्ति (ज्ञान, ऐश्वर्य, शक्ति, बल, तेज, वीर्य) से जोड़ती है और एक विधि-शब्द पर पूरी होती है। अंतिम पंक्ति, दिग्बंध, नामों से और 'भूर्भुवः स्वरोम्' से दसों दिशाओं को बाँधती है।

Edition differences. Another printing or text reads this place differently.

  • Omission The 1921 Bombay printing reads: एवं हृदयादिन्यासः ॥ Leaf n141. The 1921 printing does not list a hridayadi-nyasa or a dig-bandha; after its finger nyasa it says only 'एवं हृदयादिन्यासः' ('and the placing on the heart and the other parts likewise').

Meditation verse 1

ॐ क्षीरोदन्वत्प्रदेशे शुचिमणिविलसत्सैकते मौक्तिकानां मालाक्लृप्तासनस्थः स्फटिकमणिनिभैर्मौक्तिकैर्मंडितांगः ॥
शुभ्रैरभ्रैरदभ्रैरुपरि विरचितैर्मुक्तपीयूषवर्षैरानन्दी नः पुनीयादरिनलिनगदाशंखपाणिर्मुकुंदः ॥ १ ॥

Om kshirodanvatpradeshe shuchimanivilasatsaikate mauktikanam malaklriptasanasthah sphatikamaninibhairmauktikairmanditangah
Shubhrairabhrairadabhrairupari virachitairmuktapiyushavarshairanandi nah puniyadarinalinagadashankhapanirmukundah

IAST

oṃ kṣīrodanvatpradeśe śucimaṇivilasatsaikate mauktikānāṃ mālāklṛptāsanasthaḥ sphaṭikamaṇinibhairmauktikairmaṃḍitāṃgaḥ ||
śubhrairabhrairadabhrairupari viracitairmuktapīyūṣavarṣairānandī naḥ punīyādarinalinagadāśaṃkhapāṇirmukuṃdaḥ || 1 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENA verse for meditation. Mukunda sits on the shore of the ocean of milk, where the sand shines with pure gems. His seat is made of strings of pearls, and pearls bright as crystal adorn his body. Above him white clouds pour down a rain of nectar. In his hands he holds the discus, the lotus, the mace and the conch. The verse asks him, full of joy, to make the reciters pure.

हिध्यान का श्लोक। मुकुंद क्षीरसागर के तट पर बैठे हैं, जहाँ की रेत पवित्र मणियों से चमकती है। उनका आसन मोतियों की मालाओं से बना है, और स्फटिक जैसे उजले मोती उनके अंगों को सजाते हैं। उनके ऊपर सफ़ेद बादल अमृत की वर्षा करते हैं। उनके हाथों में चक्र, कमल, गदा और शंख हैं। श्लोक आनंदमय मुकुंद से पाठ करने वालों को पवित्र करने की प्रार्थना करता है।

Edition differences. Another printing or text reads this place differently.

  • Omission The 1921 Bombay printing reads: (not printed)

Meditation verse 2

भूः पादौ यस्य नाभिर्वियदसुरनिलश्चंद्रसूर्यौ च नेत्रे कर्णावाशाः शिरो द्यौर्मुखमपि दहनो यस्य वास्तेयमब्धिः ॥
अन्तःस्थं यस्य विश्वं सुरनरखगगोभोगिगंधर्वदैत्यैश्चित्रं रंरम्यते तं त्रिभुवनवपुषं विष्णुमीशं नमामि ॥ २ ॥

Bhuh padau yasya nabhirviyadasuranilashchandrasuryau cha netre karnavashah shiro dyaurmukhamapi dahano yasya vasteyamabdhih
Antahstham yasya vishvam suranarakhagagobhogigandharvadaityaishchitram ranramyate tam tribhuvanavapusham vishnumisham namami

IAST

bhūḥ pādau yasya nābhirviyadasuranilaścaṃdrasūryau ca netre karṇāvāśāḥ śiro dyaurmukhamapi dahano yasya vāsteyamabdhiḥ ||
antaḥsthaṃ yasya viśvaṃ suranarakhagagobhogigaṃdharvadaityaiścitraṃ raṃramyate taṃ tribhuvanavapuṣaṃ viṣṇumīśaṃ namāmi || 2 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENA verse for meditation on Vishnu whose body is the three worlds. The earth is his feet, the sky his navel, the wind his breath, the moon and the sun his eyes, the directions his ears, heaven his head, fire his mouth and the ocean his belly. Within him the whole world plays, bright with gods, people, birds, cattle, serpents, gandharvas and demons. The reciter bows to this Lord.

हितीनों लोक जिनका शरीर हैं, उन विष्णु के ध्यान का श्लोक। पृथ्वी उनके चरण हैं, आकाश नाभि, वायु प्राण, चंद्रमा और सूर्य नेत्र, दिशाएँ कान, स्वर्ग सिर, अग्नि मुख और समुद्र उदर। उनके भीतर देवता, मनुष्य, पक्षी, गौएँ, नाग, गंधर्व और दैत्यों से भरा सारा जगत क्रीड़ा करता है। पाठ करने वाला इन प्रभु को नमस्कार करता है।

Edition differences. Another printing or text reads this place differently.

  • The printed edition reads: भूः पादौ यस्य नाभिर्वियदसुरनिलश्चंद्रसूर्यौ च नेत्रे कर्णावाशाः शिरो द्यौर्मुखमपि दहनो यस्य वास्तव्यमब्धिः ॥
    अन्तःस्थं यस्य विश्वं सुरनरखगगोभोगिगंधर्वदैत्यैश्चित्रं रंरम्यते तं त्रिभुवनवपुषं विष्णुमीशं नमामि ॥ २ ॥
  • Word The 1923 Kalyan-Bombay printing reads: वास्तव्यमब्धिः Leaf n11, read on the page image ('dwelling').
  • Omission The 1921 Bombay printing reads: (not printed)

Meditation verse 3

शांताकारं भुजगशयनं पद्मनाभं सुरेशं विश्वाधारं गगनसदृशं मेघवर्णं शुभांगम् ॥
लक्ष्मीकांतं कमलनयनं योगिभिर्ध्यानगम्यं वंदे विष्णुं भवभयहरं सर्वलोकैकनाथम् ॥ ३ ॥

Shantakaram bhujagashayanam padmanabham suresham vishvadharam gaganasadrisham meghavarnam shubhangam
Lakshmikantam kamalanayanam yogibhirdhyanagamyam vande vishnum bhavabhayaharam sarvalokaikanatham

IAST

śāṃtākāraṃ bhujagaśayanaṃ padmanābhaṃ sureśaṃ viśvādhāraṃ gaganasadṛśaṃ meghavarṇaṃ śubhāṃgam ||
lakṣmīkāṃtaṃ kamalanayanaṃ yogibhirdhyānagamyaṃ vaṃde viṣṇuṃ bhavabhayaharaṃ sarvalokaikanātham || 3 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENA verse for meditation. Vishnu has a peaceful form and rests on the serpent. A lotus grows from his navel, and he is the lord of the gods. He holds up the universe, he is like the sky, his colour is that of a rain cloud and his body is beautiful. He is the beloved of Lakshmi, his eyes are like lotuses, and yogis reach him in meditation. He takes away the fear of worldly life and is the one Lord of all worlds. The reciter bows to him.

हिध्यान का श्लोक। विष्णु का रूप शांत है और वे शेषनाग पर शयन करते हैं। उनकी नाभि से कमल निकला है, और वे देवताओं के स्वामी हैं। वे विश्व के आधार हैं, आकाश के समान हैं, उनका रंग मेघ जैसा है और उनके अंग सुंदर हैं। वे लक्ष्मी के प्रिय हैं, उनके नेत्र कमल जैसे हैं, और योगी ध्यान से उन तक पहुँचते हैं। वे संसार का भय हरते हैं और सब लोकों के एकमात्र स्वामी हैं। पाठ करने वाला उन्हें प्रणाम करता है।

Edition differences. Another printing or text reads this place differently.

  • Numbering The 1921 Bombay printing reads: ॥ १ ॥ Leaf n142. The 1921 printing has this verse alone, after the heading 'अथ ध्यानं ॥' (its अथ is the last word of leaf n141), with the same words, numbered 1; after it, 'ॐ नमो भगवते वासुदेवाय ॥' leads into the names.

Meditation verse 4

मेघश्यामं पीतकौशेयवासं श्रीवत्सांकं कौस्तुभोद्भासितांगम् ॥
पुण्योपेतं पुंडरीकायताक्षं विष्णुं वंदे सर्वलोकैकनाथम् ॥ ४ ॥

Meghashyamam pitakausheyavasam shrivatsankam kaustubhodbhasitangam
Punyopetam pundarikayataksham vishnum vande sarvalokaikanatham

IAST

meghaśyāmaṃ pītakauśeyavāsaṃ śrīvatsāṃkaṃ kaustubhodbhāsitāṃgam ||
puṇyopetaṃ puṃḍarīkāyatākṣaṃ viṣṇuṃ vaṃde sarvalokaikanātham || 4 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENA verse for meditation. Vishnu is dark like a rain cloud and wears yellow silk. He bears the Shrivatsa mark, and the Kaustubha gem makes his body shine. He is full of holiness, and his long eyes are like lotuses. He is the one Lord of all worlds. The reciter bows to him.

हिध्यान का श्लोक। विष्णु मेघ के समान श्याम हैं और पीले रेशमी वस्त्र पहनते हैं। उन पर श्रीवत्स का चिह्न है, और कौस्तुभ मणि से उनके अंग चमकते हैं। वे पुण्य से युक्त हैं, और उनके बड़े नेत्र कमल जैसे हैं। वे सब लोकों के एकमात्र स्वामी हैं। पाठ करने वाला उन्हें प्रणाम करता है।

Edition differences. Another printing or text reads this place differently.

  • Omission The 1921 Bombay printing reads: (not printed)

Meditation verse 5

सशंखचक्रं सकिरीटकुण्डलं सपीतवस्त्रं सरसीरुहेक्षणम् ॥
सहारवक्षःस्थलकौस्तुभश्रियं नमामि विष्णुं शिरसा चतुर्भुजम् ॥ ५ ॥

Sashankhachakram sakiritakundalam sapitavastram sarasiruhekshanam
Saharavakshahsthalakaustubhashriyam namami vishnum shirasa chaturbhujam

IAST

saśaṃkhacakraṃ sakirīṭakuṇḍalaṃ sapītavastraṃ sarasīruhekṣaṇam ||
sahāravakṣaḥsthalakaustubhaśriyaṃ namāmi viṣṇuṃ śirasā caturbhujam || 5 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENA verse for meditation. Vishnu has four arms and holds the conch and the discus. He wears a crown, earrings and yellow clothes, and his eyes are like lotuses. On his chest are a garland and the shining Kaustubha gem. The reciter bows the head to him.

हिध्यान का श्लोक। विष्णु की चार भुजाएँ हैं और वे शंख और चक्र धारण करते हैं। वे मुकुट, कुंडल और पीले वस्त्र पहनते हैं, और उनके नेत्र कमल जैसे हैं। उनके वक्षःस्थल पर हार और चमकती कौस्तुभ मणि है। पाठ करने वाला उन्हें सिर झुकाकर नमस्कार करता है।

Edition differences. Another printing or text reads this place differently.

  • Omission The 1921 Bombay printing reads: (not printed)

Verses of names 1–27

The meaning of these verses, and names 1–255 one by one

Verse 1

हरिः ॐ ॥
विश्वं विष्णुर्वषट्कारो भूतभव्यभवत्प्रभुः ॥
भूतकृद्भूतभृद्भावो भूतात्मा भूतभावनः ॥ १ ॥

Harih om
Vishvam vishnurvashatkaro bhutabhavyabhavatprabhuh
Bhutakridbhutabhridbhavo bhutatma bhutabhavanah

Verse 2

पूतात्मा परमात्मा च मुक्तानां परमा गतिः ॥
अव्ययः पुरुषः साक्षी क्षेत्रज्ञोऽक्षर एव च ॥ २ ॥

Putatma paramatma cha muktanam parama gatih
Avyayah purushah sakshi kshetrajnokshara eva cha

Verse 3

योगो योगविदां नेता प्रधानपुरुषेश्वरः ॥
नारसिंहवपुः श्रीमान्केशवः पुरुषोत्तमः ॥ ३ ॥

Yogo yogavidam neta pradhanapurusheshvarah
Narasinhavapuh shrimankeshavah purushottamah

Verse 4

सर्वः शर्वः शिवः स्थाणुर्भूतादिर्निधिरव्ययः ॥
संभवो भावनो भर्त्ता प्रभवः प्रभुरीश्वरः ॥ ४ ॥

Sarvah sharvah shivah sthanurbhutadirnidhiravyayah
Sambhavo bhavano bhartta prabhavah prabhurishvarah

Verse 5

स्वयंभूः शंभुरादित्यः पुष्कराक्षो महास्वनः ॥
अनादिनिधनो धाता विधाता धातुरुत्तमः ॥ ५ ॥

Svayambhuh shambhuradityah pushkaraksho mahasvanah
Anadinidhano dhata vidhata dhaturuttamah

Verse 6

अप्रमेयो हृषीकेशः पद्मनाभोऽमरप्रभुः ॥
विश्वकर्मा मनुस्त्वष्टा स्थविष्ठः स्थविरो ध्रुवः ॥ ६ ॥

Aprameyo hrishikeshah padmanabhomaraprabhuh
Vishvakarma manustvashta sthavishthah sthaviro dhruvah

Verse 7

अग्राह्यः शाश्वतः कृष्णो लोहिताक्षः प्रतर्दनः ॥
प्रभूतस्त्रिककुब्धाम पवित्रं मंगलं परम् ॥ ७ ॥

Agrahyah shashvatah krishno lohitakshah pratardanah
Prabhutastrikakubdhama pavitram mangalam param

Verse 8

ईशानः प्राणदः प्राणो ज्येष्ठः श्रेष्ठः प्रजापतिः ॥
हिरण्यगर्भो भूगर्भो माधवो मधुसूदनः ॥ ८ ॥

Ishanah pranadah prano jyeshthah shreshthah prajapatih
Hiranyagarbho bhugarbho madhavo madhusudanah

Verse 9

ईश्वरो विक्रमी धन्वी मेधावी विक्रमः क्रमः ॥
अनुत्तमो दुराधर्षः कृतज्ञः कृतिरात्मवान् ॥ ९ ॥

Ishvaro vikrami dhanvi medhavi vikramah kramah
Anuttamo duradharshah kritajnah kritiratmavan

Verse 10

सुरेशः शरणं शर्म विश्वरेताः प्रजाभवः ॥
अहः संवत्सरो व्यालः प्रत्ययः सर्वदर्शनः ॥ १० ॥

Sureshah sharanam sharma vishvaretah prajabhavah
Ahah sanvatsaro vyalah pratyayah sarvadarshanah

Verse 11

अजः सर्वेश्वरः सिद्धः सिद्धिः सर्वादिरच्युतः ॥
वृषाकपिरमेयात्मा सर्वयोगविनिःसृतः ॥ ११ ॥

Ajah sarveshvarah siddhah siddhih sarvadirachyutah
Vrishakapirameyatma sarvayogavinihsritah

Verse 12

वसुर्वसुमनाः सत्यः समात्मा संमितः समः ॥
अमोघः पुंडरीकाक्षो वृषकर्मा वृषाकृतिः ॥ १२ ॥

Vasurvasumanah satyah samatma sammitah samah
Amoghah pundarikaksho vrishakarma vrishakritih

Verse 13

रुद्रो बहुशिरा बभ्रुर्विश्वयोनिः शुचिश्रवाः ॥
अमृतः शाश्वतस्थाणुर्वरारोहो महातपाः ॥ १३ ॥

Rudro bahushira babhrurvishvayonih shuchishravah
Amritah shashvatasthanurvararoho mahatapah

Verse 14

सर्वगः सर्वविद्भानुर्विष्वक्सेनो जनार्दनः ॥
वेदो वेदविदव्यंगो वेदांगो वेदवित्कविः ॥ १४ ॥

Sarvagah sarvavidbhanurvishvakseno janardanah
Vedo vedavidavyango vedango vedavitkavih

Verse 15

लोकाध्यक्षः सुराध्यक्षो धर्माध्यक्षः कृताकृतः ॥
चतुरात्मा चतुर्व्यूहश्चतुर्दंष्ट्रश्चतुर्भुजः ॥ १५ ॥

Lokadhyakshah suradhyaksho dharmadhyakshah kritakritah
Chaturatma chaturvyuhashchaturdanshtrashchaturbhujah

Verse 16

भ्राजिष्णुर्भोजनं भोक्ता सहिष्णुर्जगदादिजः ॥
अनघो विजयो जेता विश्वयोनिः पुनर्वसुः ॥ १६ ॥

Bhrajishnurbhojanam bhokta sahishnurjagadadijah
Anagho vijayo jeta vishvayonih punarvasuh

Verse 17

उपेंद्रो वामनः प्रांशुरमोघः शुचिरूर्जितः ॥
अतीन्द्रः संग्रहः सर्गो धृतात्मा नियमो यमः ॥ १७ ॥

Upendro vamanah pranshuramoghah shuchirurjitah
Atindrah sangrahah sargo dhritatma niyamo yamah

Verse 18

वेद्यो वैद्यः सदायोगी वीरहा माधवो मधुः ॥
अतीन्द्रियो महामायो महोत्साहो महाबलः ॥ १८ ॥

Vedyo vaidyah sadayogi viraha madhavo madhuh
Atindriyo mahamayo mahotsaho mahabalah

Verse 19

महाबुद्धिर्महावीर्यो महाशक्तिर्महाद्युतिः ॥
अनिर्देश्यवपुः श्रीमानमेयात्मा महाद्रिधृक् ॥ १९ ॥

Mahabuddhirmahaviryo mahashaktirmahadyutih
Anirdeshyavapuh shrimanameyatma mahadridhrik

Verse 20

महेष्वासो महीभर्ता श्रीनिवासः सतां गतिः ॥
अनिरुद्धः सुरानन्दो गोविन्दो गोविदां पतिः ॥ २० ॥

Maheshvaso mahibharta shrinivasah satam gatih
Aniruddhah suranando govindo govidam patih

Verse 21

मरीचिर्दमनो हंसः सुपर्णो भुजगोत्तमः ॥
हिरण्यनाभः सुतपाः पद्मनाभः प्रजापतिः ॥ २१ ॥

Marichirdamano hansah suparno bhujagottamah
Hiranyanabhah sutapah padmanabhah prajapatih

Verse 22

अमृत्युः सर्वदृक्सिंहः संधाता संधिमान्स्थिरः ॥
अजो दुर्मर्षणः शास्ता विश्रुतात्मा सुरारिहा ॥ २२ ॥

Amrityuh sarvadriksinhah sandhata sandhimansthirah
Ajo durmarshanah shasta vishrutatma surariha

Verse 23

गुरुर्गुरुतमो धाम सत्यः सत्यपराक्रमः ॥
निमिषोऽनिमिषः स्रग्वी वाचस्पतिरुदारधीः ॥ २३ ॥

Gururgurutamo dhama satyah satyaparakramah
Nimishonimishah sragvi vachaspatirudaradhih

Verse 24

अग्रणीर्ग्रामणीः श्रीमान्न्यायो नेता समीरणः ॥
सहस्रमूर्धा विश्वात्मा सहस्राक्षः सहस्रपात् ॥ २४ ॥

Agranirgramanih shrimannyayo neta samiranah
Sahasramurdha vishvatma sahasrakshah sahasrapat

Verse 25

आवर्त्तनो निवृत्तात्मा संवृतः संप्रमर्दनः ॥
अहःसंवर्त्तको वह्निरनिलो धरणीधरः ॥ २५ ॥

Avarttano nivrittatma sanvritah sampramardanah
Ahahsanvarttako vahniranilo dharanidharah

Verse 26

सुप्रसादः प्रसन्नात्मा विश्वधृग्विश्वभुग्विभुः ॥
सत्कर्त्ता सत्कृतः साधुर्जह्नुर्नारायणो नरः ॥ २६ ॥

Suprasadah prasannatma vishvadhrigvishvabhugvibhuh
Satkartta satkritah sadhurjahnurnarayano narah

Verse 27

असंख्येयोऽप्रमेयात्मा विशिष्टः शिष्टकृच्छुचिः ॥
सिद्धार्थः सिद्धसंकल्पः सिद्धिदः सिद्धिसाधनः ॥ २७ ॥

Asankhyeyoprameyatma vishishtah shishtakrichchhuchih
Siddharthah siddhasankalpah siddhidah siddhisadhanah

Verses of names 28–54

The meaning of these verses, and names 256–512 one by one

Verse 28

वृषाही वृषभो विष्णुर्वृषपर्वा वृषोदरः ॥
वर्द्धनो वर्द्धमानश्च विविक्तः श्रुतिसागरः ॥ २८ ॥

Vrishahi vrishabho vishnurvrishaparva vrishodarah
Varddhano varddhamanashcha viviktah shrutisagarah

Verse 29

सुभुजो दुर्धरो वाग्मी महेंद्रो वसुदो वसुः ॥
नैकरूपो बृहद्रूपः शिपिविष्टः प्रकाशनः ॥ २९ ॥

Subhujo durdharo vagmi mahendro vasudo vasuh
Naikarupo brihadrupah shipivishtah prakashanah

Verse 30

ओजस्तेजोद्युतिधरः प्रकाशात्मा प्रतापनः ॥
ऋद्धः स्पष्टाक्षरो मंत्रश्चंद्रांशुर्भास्करद्युतिः ॥ ३० ॥

Ojastejodyutidharah prakashatma pratapanah
Riddhah spashtaksharo mantrashchandranshurbhaskaradyutih

Verse 31

अमृतांशूद्भवो भानुः शशबिंदुः सुरेश्वरः ॥
औषधं जगतः सेतुः सत्यधर्मपराक्रमः ॥ ३१ ॥

Amritanshudbhavo bhanuh shashabinduh sureshvarah
Aushadham jagatah setuh satyadharmaparakramah

Verse 32

भूतभव्यभवन्नाथः पवनः पावनोऽनलः ॥
कामहा कामकृत्कान्तः कामः कामप्रदः प्रभुः ॥ ३२ ॥

Bhutabhavyabhavannathah pavanah pavanonalah
Kamaha kamakritkantah kamah kamapradah prabhuh

Verse 33

युगादिकृद्युगावर्तो नैकमायो महाशनः ॥
अदृश्योऽव्यक्तरूपश्च सहस्रजिदनंतजित् ॥ ३३ ॥

Yugadikridyugavarto naikamayo mahashanah
Adrishyovyaktarupashcha sahasrajidanantajit

Verse 34

इष्टोऽविशिष्टः शिष्टेष्टः शिखंडी नहुषो वृषः ॥
क्रोधहा क्रोधकृत्कर्त्ता विश्वबाहुर्महीधरः ॥ ३४ ॥

Ishtovishishtah shishteshtah shikhandi nahusho vrishah
Krodhaha krodhakritkartta vishvabahurmahidharah

Verse 35

अच्युतः प्रथितः प्राणः प्राणदो वासवानुजः ॥
अपांनिधिरधिष्ठानमप्रमत्तः प्रतिष्ठितः ॥ ३५ ॥

Achyutah prathitah pranah pranado vasavanujah
Apannidhiradhishthanamapramattah pratishthitah

Verse 36

स्कंदः स्कंदधरो धुर्यो वरदो वायुवाहनः ॥
वासुदेवो बृहद्भानुरादिदेवः पुरन्दरः ॥ ३६ ॥

Skandah skandadharo dhuryo varado vayuvahanah
Vasudevo brihadbhanuradidevah purandarah

Verse 37

अशोकस्तारणस्तारः शूरः शौरिर्जनेश्वरः ॥
अनुकूलः शतावर्त्तः पद्मी पद्मनिभेक्षणः ॥ ३७ ॥

Ashokastaranastarah shurah shaurirjaneshvarah
Anukulah shatavarttah padmi padmanibhekshanah

Verse 38

पद्मनाभोऽरविंदाक्षः पद्मगर्भः शरीरभृत् ॥
महर्द्धिर्ऋद्धो वृद्धात्मा महाक्षो गरुडध्वजः ॥ ३८ ॥

Padmanabhoravindakshah padmagarbhah sharirabhrit
Maharddhirriddho vriddhatma mahaksho garudadhvajah

Verse 39

अतुलः शरभो भीमः समयज्ञो हविर्हरिः ॥
सर्वलक्षणलक्षण्यो लक्ष्मीवान्समितिंजयः ॥ ३९ ॥

Atulah sharabho bhimah samayajno havirharih
Sarvalakshanalakshanyo lakshmivansamitinjayah

Verse 40

विक्षरो रोहितो मार्गो हेतुर्दामोदरः सहः ॥
महीधरो महाभागो वेगवानमिताशनः ॥ ४० ॥

Viksharo rohito margo heturdamodarah sahah
Mahidharo mahabhago vegavanamitashanah

Verse 41

उद्भवः क्षोभणो देवः श्रीगर्भः परमेश्वरः ॥
करणं कारणं कर्त्ता विकर्त्ता गहनो गुहः ॥ ४१ ॥

Udbhavah kshobhano devah shrigarbhah parameshvarah
Karanam karanam kartta vikartta gahano guhah

Verse 42

व्यवसायो व्यवस्थानः संस्थानः स्थानदो ध्रुवः ॥
परर्द्धिः परमस्पष्टस्तुष्टः पुष्टः शुभेक्षणः ॥ ४२ ॥

Vyavasayo vyavasthanah sansthanah sthanado dhruvah
Pararddhih paramaspashtastushtah pushtah shubhekshanah

Verse 43

रामो विरामो विरजो मार्गो नेयो नयोऽनयः ॥
वीरः शक्तिमतां श्रेष्ठो धर्मो धर्मविदुत्तमः ॥ ४३ ॥

Ramo viramo virajo margo neyo nayonayah
Virah shaktimatam shreshtho dharmo dharmaviduttamah

Verse 44

वैकुण्ठः पुरुषः प्राणः प्राणदः प्रणवः पृथुः ॥
हिरण्यगर्भः शत्रुघ्नो व्याप्तो वायुरधोक्षजः ॥ ४४ ॥

Vaikunthah purushah pranah pranadah pranavah prithuh
Hiranyagarbhah shatrughno vyapto vayuradhokshajah

Verse 45

ऋतुः सुदर्शनः कालः परमेष्ठी परिग्रहः ॥
उग्रः संवत्सरो दक्षो विश्रामो विश्वदक्षिणः ॥ ४५ ॥

Rituh sudarshanah kalah parameshthi parigrahah
Ugrah sanvatsaro daksho vishramo vishvadakshinah

Verse 46

विस्तारः स्थावरः स्थाणुः प्रमाणं बीजमव्ययम् ॥
अर्थोऽनर्थो महाकोशो महाभोगो महाधनः ॥ ४६ ॥

Vistarah sthavarah sthanuh pramanam bijamavyayam
Arthonartho mahakosho mahabhogo mahadhanah

Verse 47

अनिर्विण्णः स्थविष्ठो भूर्धर्मयूपो महामखः ॥
नक्षत्रनेमिर्नक्षत्री क्षमः क्षामः समीहनः ॥ ४७ ॥

Anirvinnah sthavishtho bhurdharmayupo mahamakhah
Nakshatranemirnakshatri kshamah kshamah samihanah

Verse 48

यज्ञ इज्यो महेज्यश्च क्रतुः सत्रं सतां गतिः ॥
सर्वदर्शी विमुक्तात्मा सर्वज्ञो ज्ञानमुत्तमम् ॥ ४८ ॥

Yajna ijyo mahejyashcha kratuh satram satam gatih
Sarvadarshi vimuktatma sarvajno jnanamuttamam

Verse 49

सुव्रतः सुमुखः सूक्ष्मः सुघोषः सुखदः सुहृत् ॥
मनोहरो जितक्रोधो वीरबाहुर्विदारणः ॥ ४९ ॥

Suvratah sumukhah sukshmah sughoshah sukhadah suhrit
Manoharo jitakrodho virabahurvidaranah

Verse 50

स्वापनः स्ववशो व्यापी नैकात्मा नैककर्मकृत् ॥
वत्सरो वत्सलो वत्सी रत्नगर्भो धनेश्वरः ॥ ५० ॥

Svapanah svavasho vyapi naikatma naikakarmakrit
Vatsaro vatsalo vatsi ratnagarbho dhaneshvarah

Verse 51

धर्मगुब्धर्मकृद्धर्मी सदसत्क्षरमक्षरम् ॥
अविज्ञाता सहस्रांशुर्विधाता कृतलक्षणः ॥ ५१ ॥

Dharmagubdharmakriddharmi sadasatksharamaksharam
Avijnata sahasranshurvidhata kritalakshanah

Verse 52

गभस्तिनेमिः सत्त्वस्थः सिंहो भूतमहेश्वरः ॥
आदिदेवो महादेवो देवेशो देवभृद्गुरुः ॥ ५२ ॥

Gabhastinemih sattvasthah sinho bhutamaheshvarah
Adidevo mahadevo devesho devabhridguruh

Verse 53

उत्तरो गोपतिर्गोप्ता ज्ञानगम्यः पुरातनः ॥
शरीरभूतभृद्भोक्ता कपींद्रो भूरिदक्षिणः ॥ ५३ ॥

Uttaro gopatirgopta jnanagamyah puratanah
Sharirabhutabhridbhokta kapindro bhuridakshinah

Verse 54

सोमपोऽमृतपः सोमः पुरुजित्पुरुसत्तमः ॥
विनयो जयः सत्यसंधो दाशार्हः सात्वतांपतिः ॥ ५४ ॥

Somapomritapah somah purujitpurusattamah
Vinayo jayah satyasandho dasharhah satvatampatih

Verses of names 55–81

The meaning of these verses, and names 513–764 one by one

Verse 55

जीवो विनयिता साक्षी मुकुंदोऽमितविक्रमः ॥
अंभोनिधिरनंतात्मा महोदधिशयोऽंतकः ॥ ५५ ॥

Jivo vinayita sakshi mukundomitavikramah
Ambhonidhiranantatma mahodadhishayontakah

Verse 56

अजो महार्हः स्वाभाव्यो जितामित्रः प्रमोदनः ॥
आनंदो नंदनो नंदः सत्यधर्मा त्रिविक्रमः ॥ ५६ ॥

Ajo maharhah svabhavyo jitamitrah pramodanah
Anando nandano nandah satyadharma trivikramah

Verse 57

महर्षिः कपिलाचार्यः कृतज्ञो मेदिनीपतिः ॥
त्रिपदस्त्रिदशाध्यक्षो महाशृङ्गः कृतांतकृत् ॥ ५७ ॥

Maharshih kapilacharyah kritajno medinipatih
Tripadastridashadhyaksho mahashringah kritantakrit

Verse 58

महावराहो गोविंदः सुषेणः कनकांगदी ॥
गुह्यो गभीरो गहनो गुप्तश्चक्रगदाधरः ॥ ५८ ॥

Mahavaraho govindah sushenah kanakangadi
Guhyo gabhiro gahano guptashchakragadadharah

Verse 59

वेधाः स्वांगोऽजितः कृष्णो दृढः संकर्षणोऽच्युतः ॥
वरुणो वारुणो वृक्षः पुष्कराक्षो महामनाः ॥ ५९ ॥

Vedhah svangojitah krishno dridhah sankarshanochyutah
Varuno varuno vrikshah pushkaraksho mahamanah

Verse 60

भगवान्भगहानंदी वनमाली हलायुधः ॥
आदित्यो ज्योतिरादित्यः सहिष्णुर्गतिसत्तमः ॥ ६० ॥

Bhagavanbhagahanandi vanamali halayudhah
Adityo jyotiradityah sahishnurgatisattamah

Verse 61

सुधन्वा खंडपरशुर्दारुणो द्रविणप्रदः ॥
दिविस्पृक्सर्वदृग्व्यासो वाचस्पतिरयोनिजः ॥ ६१ ॥

Sudhanva khandaparashurdaruno dravinapradah
Divispriksarvadrigvyaso vachaspatirayonijah

Verse 62

त्रिसामा सामगः साम निर्वाणं भेषजं भिषक् ॥
संन्यासकृच्छमः शांतो निष्ठा शांतिः परायणम् ॥ ६२ ॥

Trisama samagah sama nirvanam bheshajam bhishak
Sannyasakrichchhamah shanto nishtha shantih parayanam

Verse 63

शुभांगः शांतिदः स्रष्टा कुमुदः कुवलेशयः ॥
गोहितो गोपतिर्गोप्ता वृषभाक्षो वृषप्रियः ॥ ६३ ॥

Shubhangah shantidah srashta kumudah kuvaleshayah
Gohito gopatirgopta vrishabhaksho vrishapriyah

Verse 64

अनिवर्ती निवृत्तात्मा संक्षेप्ता क्षेमकृच्छिवः ॥
श्रीवत्सवक्षाः श्रीवासः श्रीपतिः श्रीमतां वरः ॥ ६४ ॥

Anivarti nivrittatma sankshepta kshemakrichchhivah
Shrivatsavakshah shrivasah shripatih shrimatam varah

Verse 65

श्रीदः श्रीशः श्रीनिवासः श्रीनिधिः श्रीविभावनः ॥
श्रीधरः श्रीकरः श्रेयः श्रीमाँल्लोकत्रयाश्रयः ॥ ६५ ॥

Shridah shrishah shrinivasah shrinidhih shrivibhavanah
Shridharah shrikarah shreyah shrimanllokatrayashrayah

Verse 66

स्वक्षः स्वंगः शतानन्दो नंदिर्ज्योतिर्गणेश्वरः ॥
विजितात्मा विधेयात्मा सत्कीर्तिश्छिन्नसंशयः ॥ ६६ ॥

Svakshah svangah shatanando nandirjyotirganeshvarah
Vijitatma vidheyatma satkirtishchhinnasanshayah

Verse 67

उदीर्णः सर्वतश्चक्षुरनीशः शाश्वतस्थिरः ॥
भूशयो भूषणो भूतिर्विशोकः शोकनाशनः ॥ ६७ ॥

Udirnah sarvatashchakshuranishah shashvatasthirah
Bhushayo bhushano bhutirvishokah shokanashanah

Verse 68

अर्चिष्मानर्चितः कुंभो विशुद्धात्मा विशोधनः ॥
अनिरुद्धोऽप्रतिरथः प्रद्युम्नोऽमितविक्रमः ॥ ६८ ॥

Archishmanarchitah kumbho vishuddhatma vishodhanah
Aniruddhopratirathah pradyumnomitavikramah

Verse 69

कालनेमिनिहा वीरः शौरिः शूरजनेश्वरः ॥
त्रिलोकात्मा त्रिलोकेशः केशवः केशिहा हरिः ॥ ६९ ॥

Kalaneminiha virah shaurih shurajaneshvarah
Trilokatma trilokeshah keshavah keshiha harih

Verse 70

कामदेवः कामपालः कामी कांतः कृतागमः ॥
अनिर्देश्यवपुर्विष्णुर्वीरोऽनंतो धनंजयः ॥ ७० ॥

Kamadevah kamapalah kami kantah kritagamah
Anirdeshyavapurvishnurvironanto dhananjayah

Verse 71

ब्रह्मण्यो ब्रह्मकृद्ब्रह्मा ब्रह्म ब्रह्मविवर्धनः ॥
ब्रह्मविद्ब्राह्मणो ब्रह्मी ब्रह्मज्ञो ब्राह्मणप्रियः ॥ ७१ ॥

Brahmanyo brahmakridbrahma brahma brahmavivardhanah
Brahmavidbrahmano brahmi brahmajno brahmanapriyah

Verse 72

महाक्रमो महाकर्मा महातेजा महोरगः ॥
महाक्रतुर्महायज्वा महायज्ञो महाहविः ॥ ७२ ॥

Mahakramo mahakarma mahateja mahoragah
Mahakraturmahayajva mahayajno mahahavih

Verse 73

स्तव्यः स्तवप्रियः स्तोत्रं स्तुतिः स्तोता रणप्रियः ॥
पूर्णः पूरयिता पुण्यः पुण्यकीर्तिरनामयः ॥ ७३ ॥

Stavyah stavapriyah stotram stutih stota ranapriyah
Purnah purayita punyah punyakirtiranamayah

Verse 74

मनोजवस्तीर्थकरो वसुरेता वसुप्रदः ॥
वसुप्रदो वासुदेवो वसुर्वसुमना हविः ॥ ७४ ॥

Manojavastirthakaro vasureta vasupradah
Vasuprado vasudevo vasurvasumana havih

Verse 75

सद्गतिः सत्कृतिः सत्ता सद्भूतिः सत्परायणः ॥
शूरसेनो यदुश्रेष्ठः सन्निवासः सुयामुनः ॥ ७५ ॥

Sadgatih satkritih satta sadbhutih satparayanah
Shuraseno yadushreshthah sannivasah suyamunah

Verse 76

भूतावासो वासुदेवः सर्वासुनिलयोऽनलः ॥
दर्पहा दर्पदो दृप्तो दुर्धरोऽथापराजितः ॥ ७६ ॥

Bhutavaso vasudevah sarvasunilayonalah
Darpaha darpado dripto durdharothaparajitah

Verse 77

विश्वमूर्तिर्महामूर्तिर्दीप्तमूर्तिरमूर्तिमान् ॥
अनेकमूर्तिरव्यक्तः शतमूर्तिः शताननः ॥ ७७ ॥

Vishvamurtirmahamurtirdiptamurtiramurtiman
Anekamurtiravyaktah shatamurtih shatananah

Verse 78

एको नैकः सवः कः किं यत्तत्पदमनुत्तमम् ॥
लोकबंधुर्लोकनाथो माधवो भक्तवत्सलः ॥ ७८ ॥

Eko naikah savah kah kim yattatpadamanuttamam
Lokabandhurlokanatho madhavo bhaktavatsalah

Verse 79

सुवर्णवर्णो हेमांगो वरांगश्चन्दनांगदी ॥
वीरहा विषमः शून्यो घृताशीरचलश्चलः ॥ ७९ ॥

Suvarnavarno hemango varangashchandanangadi
Viraha vishamah shunyo ghritashirachalashchalah

Verse 80

अमानी मानदो मान्यो लोकस्वामी त्रिलोकधृक् ॥
सुमेधा मेधजो धन्यः सत्यमेधा धराधरः ॥ ८० ॥

Amani manado manyo lokasvami trilokadhrik
Sumedha medhajo dhanyah satyamedha dharadharah

Verse 81

तेजोवृषो द्युतिधरः सर्वशस्त्रभृतां वरः ॥
प्रग्रहो निग्रहो व्यग्रो नैकशृंगो गदाग्रजः ॥ ८१ ॥

Tejovrisho dyutidharah sarvashastrabhritam varah
Pragraho nigraho vyagro naikashringo gadagrajah

Verses of names 82–107

The meaning of these verses, and names 765–1000 one by one

Verse 82

चतुर्मूर्तिश्चतुर्बाहुश्चतुर्व्यूहश्चतुर्गतिः ॥
चतुरात्मा चतुर्भावश्चतुर्वेदविदेकपात् ॥ ८२ ॥

Chaturmurtishchaturbahushchaturvyuhashchaturgatih
Chaturatma chaturbhavashchaturvedavidekapat

Verse 83

समावर्तो निवृत्तात्मा दुर्जयो दुरतिक्रमः ॥
दुर्लभो दुर्गमो दुर्गो दुरावासो दुरारिहा ॥ ८३ ॥

Samavarto nivrittatma durjayo duratikramah
Durlabho durgamo durgo duravaso durariha

Verse 84

शुभांगो लोकसारंगः सुतंतुस्तंतुवर्द्धनः ॥
इंद्रकर्मा महाकर्मा कृतकर्मा कृतागमः ॥ ८४ ॥

Shubhango lokasarangah sutantustantuvarddhanah
Indrakarma mahakarma kritakarma kritagamah

Verse 85

उद्भवः सुन्दरः सुन्दो रत्ननाभः सुलोचनः ॥
अर्को वाजसनः शृंगी जयंतः सर्वविज्जयी ॥ ८५ ॥

Udbhavah sundarah sundo ratnanabhah sulochanah
Arko vajasanah shringi jayantah sarvavijjayi

Verse 86

सुवर्णबिंदुरक्षोभ्यः सर्ववागीश्वरेश्वरः ॥
महाह्रदो महागर्तो महाभूतो महानिधिः ॥ ८६ ॥

Suvarnabindurakshobhyah sarvavagishvareshvarah
Mahahrado mahagarto mahabhuto mahanidhih

Verse 87

कुमुदः कुंदरः कुंदः पर्जन्यः पावनोऽनिलः ॥
अमृताशोऽमृतवपुः सर्वज्ञः सर्वतोमुखः ॥ ८७ ॥

Kumudah kundarah kundah parjanyah pavanonilah
Amritashomritavapuh sarvajnah sarvatomukhah

Verse 88

सुलभः सुव्रतः सिद्धः शत्रुजिच्छत्रुतापनः ॥
न्यग्रोधोदुंबरोऽश्वत्थश्चाणूरांध्रनिषूदनः ॥ ८८ ॥

Sulabhah suvratah siddhah shatrujichchhatrutapanah
Nyagrodhodumbaroshvatthashchanurandhranishudanah

Verse 89

सहस्रार्चिः सप्तजिह्वः सप्तैधाः सप्तवाहनः ॥
अमूर्तिरनघोऽचिंत्यो भयकृद्भयनाशनः ॥ ८९ ॥

Sahasrarchih saptajihvah saptaidhah saptavahanah
Amurtiranaghochintyo bhayakridbhayanashanah

Verse 90

अणुर्बृहत्कृशः स्थूलो गुणभृन्निर्गुणो महान् ॥
अधृतः स्वधृतः स्वास्यः प्राग्वंशो वंशवर्द्धनः ॥ ९० ॥

Anurbrihatkrishah sthulo gunabhrinnirguno mahan
Adhritah svadhritah svasyah pragvansho vanshavarddhanah

Verse 91

भारभृत्कथितो योगी योगीशः सर्वकामदः ॥
आश्रमः श्रमणः क्षामः सुपर्णो वायुवाहनः ॥ ९१ ॥

Bharabhritkathito yogi yogishah sarvakamadah
Ashramah shramanah kshamah suparno vayuvahanah

Verse 92

धनुर्धरो धनुर्वेदो दंडो दमयिता दमः ॥
अपराजितः सर्वसहो नियंता नियमो यमः ॥ ९२ ॥

Dhanurdharo dhanurvedo dando damayita damah
Aparajitah sarvasaho niyanta niyamo yamah

Verse 93

सत्त्ववान्सात्त्विकः सत्यः सत्यधर्मपरायणः ॥
अभिप्रायः प्रियार्होऽर्हः प्रियकृत्प्रीतिवर्धनः ॥ ९३ ॥

Sattvavansattvikah satyah satyadharmaparayanah
Abhiprayah priyarhorhah priyakritpritivardhanah

Verse 94

विहायसगतिर्ज्योतिः सुरुचिर्हुतभुग्विभुः ॥
रविर्विरोचनः सूर्यः सविता रविलोचनः ॥ ९४ ॥

Vihayasagatirjyotih suruchirhutabhugvibhuh
Ravirvirochanah suryah savita ravilochanah

Verse 95

अनंतो हुतभुग्भोक्ता सुखदो नैकजोऽग्रजः ॥
अनिर्विण्णः सदामर्षी लोकाधिष्ठानमद्भुतः ॥ ९५ ॥

Ananto hutabhugbhokta sukhado naikajograjah
Anirvinnah sadamarshi lokadhishthanamadbhutah

Verse 96

सनात्सनातनतमः कपिलः कपिरव्ययः ॥
स्वस्तिदः स्वस्तिकृत्स्वस्ति स्वस्तिभुक्स्वस्तिदक्षिणः ॥ ९६ ॥

Sanatsanatanatamah kapilah kapiravyayah
Svastidah svastikritsvasti svastibhuksvastidakshinah

Verse 97

अरौद्रः कुंडली चक्री विक्रम्यूर्जितशासनः ॥
शब्दातिगः शब्दसहः शिशिरः शर्वरीकरः ॥ ९७ ॥

Araudrah kundali chakri vikramyurjitashasanah
Shabdatigah shabdasahah shishirah sharvarikarah

Verse 98

अक्रूरः पेशलो दक्षो दक्षिणः क्षमिणां वरः ॥
विद्वत्तमो वीतभयः पुण्यश्रवणकीर्तनः ॥ ९८ ॥

Akrurah peshalo daksho dakshinah kshaminam varah
Vidvattamo vitabhayah punyashravanakirtanah

Verse 99

उत्तारणो दुष्कृतिहा पुण्यो दुःस्वप्ननाशनः ॥
वीरहा रक्षणः संतो जीवनः पर्यवस्थितः ॥ ९९ ॥

Uttarano dushkritiha punyo duhsvapnanashanah
Viraha rakshanah santo jivanah paryavasthitah

Verse 100

अनंतरूपोऽनंतश्रीर्जितमन्युर्भयापहः ॥
चतुरस्रो गभीरात्मा विदिशो व्यादिशो दिशः ॥ १०० ॥

Anantaruponantashrirjitamanyurbhayapahah
Chaturasro gabhiratma vidisho vyadisho dishah

Verse 101

अनादिर्भूर्भुवो लक्ष्मीः सुवीरो रुचिरांगदः ॥
जननो जनजन्मादिर्भीमो भीमपराक्रमः ॥ १०१ ॥

Anadirbhurbhuvo lakshmih suviro ruchirangadah
Janano janajanmadirbhimo bhimaparakramah

Verse 102

आधारनिलयो धाता पुष्पहासः प्रजागरः ॥
ऊर्ध्वगः सत्पथाचारः प्राणदः प्रणवः पणः ॥ १०२ ॥

Adharanilayo dhata pushpahasah prajagarah
Urdhvagah satpathacharah pranadah pranavah panah

Verse 103

प्रमाणं प्राणनिलयः प्राणभृत्प्राणजीवनः ॥
तत्त्वं तत्त्वविदेकात्मा जन्ममृत्युजरातिगः ॥ १०३ ॥

Pramanam prananilayah pranabhritpranajivanah
Tattvam tattvavidekatma janmamrityujaratigah

Verse 104

भूर्भुवःस्वस्तरुस्तारः सविता प्रपितामहः ॥
यज्ञो यज्ञपतिर्यज्वा यज्ञांगो यज्ञवाहनः ॥ १०४ ॥

Bhurbhuvahsvastarustarah savita prapitamahah
Yajno yajnapatiryajva yajnango yajnavahanah

Verse 105

यज्ञभृद्यज्ञकृद्यज्ञी यज्ञभुग्यज्ञसाधनः ॥
यज्ञांतकृद्यज्ञगुह्यमन्नमन्नाद एव च ॥ १०५ ॥

Yajnabhridyajnakridyajni yajnabhugyajnasadhanah
Yajnantakridyajnaguhyamannamannada eva cha

Verse 106

आत्मयोनिः स्वयंजातो वैखानः सामगायनः ॥
देवकीनंदनः स्रष्टा क्षितीशः पापनाशनः ॥ १०६ ॥

Atmayonih svayanjato vaikhanah samagayanah
Devakinandanah srashta kshitishah papanashanah

Verse 107

शंखभृन्नन्दकी चक्री शार्ङ्गधन्वा गदाधरः ॥
रथांगपाणिरक्षोभ्यः सर्वप्रहरणायुधः ॥ १०७ ॥
सर्वप्रहरणायुध ॐ नम इति ॥

Shankhabhrinnandaki chakri sharngadhanva gadadharah
Rathangapanirakshobhyah sarvapraharanayudhah
Sarvapraharanayudha om nama iti

What the hymn brings (closing verses)

Verse 1

इतीदं कीर्तनीयस्य केशवस्य महात्मनः ॥
नाम्नां सहस्रं दिव्यानामशेषेण प्रकीर्तितम् ॥ १ ॥

Itidam kirtaniyasya keshavasya mahatmanah
Namnam sahasram divyanamasheshena prakirtitam

IAST

itīdaṃ kīrtanīyasya keśavasya mahātmanaḥ ||
nāmnāṃ sahasraṃ divyānāmaśeṣeṇa prakīrtitam || 1 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENBhishma says that he has now told, in full, the thousand divine names of the great Keshava, whose praise should be sung.

हिभीष्म कहते हैं कि उन्होंने महात्मा केशव के, जिनका कीर्तन करना चाहिए, दिव्य सहस्र नाम पूरे कह दिए हैं।

Edition differences. Another printing or text reads this place differently.

  • The printed edition reads: इतिदं कीर्तनीयस्य केशवस्य महात्मनः ॥
    नाम्नां सहस्रं दिव्यानामशेषेण प्रकीर्तितम् ॥ १ ॥
    The 1923 print has इतिदं (leaf n37), a misprint for इतीदं, which the 1921 printing has.

“ ‘Even thus have I recited to thee, without any exception, the thousand excellent names of the high-souled Keçava whose glory should always be sung !

English translation: K. M. Ganguli, The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa, Anuçasana Parva, Section CXLIX (Calcutta: Bharata Press, published by Pratapa Chandra Ray, 1893); public domain. archive.org (page 713–714, scan leaf n728–n729). Shown verbatim.

Verse 2

य इदं शृणुयान्नित्यं यश्चापि परिकीर्तयेत् ॥
नाशुभं प्राप्नुयात्किञ्चित्सोऽमुत्रेह च मानवः ॥ २ ॥

Ya idam shrinuyannityam yashchapi parikirtayet
Nashubham prapnuyatkinchitsomutreha cha manavah

IAST

ya idaṃ śṛṇuyānnityaṃ yaścāpi parikīrtayet ||
nāśubhaṃ prāpnuyātkiñcitso’mutreha ca mānavaḥ || 2 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENThe verse says that a person who hears these names every day, or recites them, meets no harm here or after death.

हिश्लोक कहता है कि जो व्यक्ति इन नामों को रोज़ सुनता है, या इनका पाठ करता है, उसका इस लोक में या परलोक में कोई अशुभ नहीं होता।

This verse states the benefits the text itself promises. They are the text’s own words, not a claim made by this site.

Edition differences. Another printing or text reads this place differently.

  • Spelling The 1921 Bombay printing reads: य यदं Misprint for य इदं. (p. 24, leaf n161)

That man who hears these names every day or who recites them every day, never meets with any evil either here or hereafter.

English translation: K. M. Ganguli, The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa, Anuçasana Parva, Section CXLIX (Calcutta: Bharata Press, published by Pratapa Chandra Ray, 1893); public domain. archive.org (page 714, scan leaf n729). Shown verbatim.

Verse 3

वेदांतगो ब्राह्मणः स्यात्क्षत्रियो विजयी भवेत् ॥
वैश्यो धनसमृद्धः स्याच्छूद्रः सुखमवाप्नुयात् ॥ ३ ॥

Vedantago brahmanah syatkshatriyo vijayi bhavet
Vaishyo dhanasamriddhah syachchhudrah sukhamavapnuyat

IAST

vedāṃtago brāhmaṇaḥ syātkṣatriyo vijayī bhavet ||
vaiśyo dhanasamṛddhaḥ syācchūdraḥ sukhamavāpnuyāt || 3 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENThe verse says that each of the four classes gains something: a brahmin masters the Vedanta, a kshatriya wins, a vaishya gains wealth and a shudra gains happiness. Readings of such verses differ between schools and teachers, and the wording is the text's, not the view of this library.

हिश्लोक चारों वर्णों के लिए एक-एक फल बताता है: ब्राह्मण वेदांत में पारंगत होता है, क्षत्रिय विजयी होता है, वैश्य धन पाता है और शूद्र सुख पाता है। ऐसे श्लोकों को अलग-अलग परंपराएँ और आचार्य अलग ढंग से पढ़ते हैं, और ये शब्द पाठ के हैं, इस पुस्तकालय का मत नहीं।

This verse states the benefits the text itself promises. They are the text’s own words, not a claim made by this site.

If a Brāhmana does this, he succeeds in mastering the Vedānta; if a Kshatriya does it, he becomes always successful in battle. A Vaiçya, by doing it, becomes possessed of affluence, while a Cudra earns great happiness.

English translation: K. M. Ganguli, The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa, Anuçasana Parva, Section CXLIX (Calcutta: Bharata Press, published by Pratapa Chandra Ray, 1893); public domain. archive.org (page 714, scan leaf n729). Shown verbatim.

Verse 4

धर्मार्थी प्राप्नुयाद्धर्ममर्थार्थी चार्थमाप्नुयात् ॥
कामानवाप्नुयात्कामी प्रजार्थी प्राप्नुयात्प्रजाम् ॥ ४ ॥

Dharmarthi prapnuyaddharmamartharthi charthamapnuyat
Kamanavapnuyatkami prajarthi prapnuyatprajam

IAST

dharmārthī prāpnuyāddharmamarthārthī cārthamāpnuyāt ||
kāmānavāpnuyātkāmī prajārthī prāpnuyātprajām || 4 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENThe verse says that whoever wants dharma, wealth, the objects of desire or children gains what he seeks.

हिश्लोक कहता है कि जो धर्म, धन, कामनाएँ या संतान चाहता है, उसे वह मिलता है।

This verse states the benefits the text itself promises. They are the text’s own words, not a claim made by this site.

Edition differences. Another printing or text reads this place differently.

  • The printed edition reads: धर्मार्थी प्राप्नुयाद्धर्ममर्थार्थी चार्थमाप्नुयात् ॥
    कामानवाप्नुयात्कामी प्रजार्थी प्राप्नुयात्प्रजाः ॥ ४ ॥
  • Word The 1923 Kalyan-Bombay printing reads: प्राप्नुयात्प्रजाः Leaf n38, read on the page image.

If one becomes desirous of earning the merit of righteousness, one succeeds in earning it (by hearing or reciting these names). If it is wealth that one desires, one succeeds in earning wealth (by acting in this way). So also the man who wishes for enjoyments of the senses succeeds in enjoying all kinds of pleasures, and the man desirous of offspring acquires offspring (by pursuing this course of conduct).

English translation: K. M. Ganguli, The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa, Anuçasana Parva, Section CXLIX (Calcutta: Bharata Press, published by Pratapa Chandra Ray, 1893); public domain. archive.org (page 714, scan leaf n729). Shown verbatim.

Verse 5

भक्तिमान्यः सदोत्थाय शुचिस्तद्गतमानसः ॥
सहस्रं वासुदेवस्य नाम्नामेतत्प्रकीर्तयेत् ॥ ५ ॥

Bhaktimanyah sadotthaya shuchistadgatamanasah
Sahasram vasudevasya namnametatprakirtayet

IAST

bhaktimānyaḥ sadotthāya śucistadgatamānasaḥ ||
sahasraṃ vāsudevasya nāmnāmetatprakīrtayet || 5 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENThis verse says, with the next one, what a devoted person gains. A devoted person who rises early, is clean and keeps his mind on Vishnu, and recites these thousand names of Vasudeva,

हियह श्लोक, अगले के साथ, बताता है कि भक्त को क्या मिलता है। जो भक्त सवेरे उठकर, शुद्ध होकर और मन वासुदेव में लगाकर उनके इन सहस्र नामों का पाठ करता है,

This verse states the benefits the text itself promises. They are the text’s own words, not a claim made by this site.

That man who with devotion and perseverance and heart wholly turned towards him, recites these thousand names of Vāsudeva every day, after having purified himself,

English translation: K. M. Ganguli, The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa, Anuçasana Parva, Section CXLIX (Calcutta: Bharata Press, published by Pratapa Chandra Ray, 1893); public domain. archive.org (page 714, scan leaf n729). Shown verbatim.

Verse 6

यशः प्राप्नोति विपुलं ज्ञातिप्राधान्यमेव च ॥
अचलां श्रियमाप्नोति श्रेयः प्राप्नोत्यनुत्तमम् ॥ ६ ॥

Yashah prapnoti vipulam jnatipradhanyameva cha
Achalam shriyamapnoti shreyah prapnotyanuttamam

IAST

yaśaḥ prāpnoti vipulaṃ jñātiprādhānyameva ca ||
acalāṃ śriyamāpnoti śreyaḥ prāpnotyanuttamam || 6 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENgains wide fame and a high place among his own people, lasting good fortune and the highest good. So the verse says.

हिवह बड़ा यश, अपने लोगों में ऊँचा स्थान, स्थिर लक्ष्मी और सबसे उत्तम कल्याण पाता है। ऐसा श्लोक कहता है।

This verse states the benefits the text itself promises. They are the text’s own words, not a claim made by this site.

succeeds in acquiring great fame, a position of eminence among his kinsmen, enduriug prosperity, and lastly, that which is of the highest benefit to him (viz., Emancipation itself ).

English translation: K. M. Ganguli, The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa, Anuçasana Parva, Section CXLIX (Calcutta: Bharata Press, published by Pratapa Chandra Ray, 1893); public domain. archive.org (page 714, scan leaf n729). Shown verbatim.

Verse 7

न भयं क्वचिदाप्नोति वीर्यं तेजश्च विंदति ॥
भवत्यरोगो द्युतिमान्बलरूपगुणान्वितः ॥ ७ ॥

Na bhayam kvachidapnoti viryam tejashcha vindati
Bhavatyarogo dyutimanbalarupagunanvitah

IAST

na bhayaṃ kvacidāpnoti vīryaṃ tejaśca viṃdati ||
bhavatyarogo dyutimānbalarūpaguṇānvitaḥ || 7 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENThe verse says that such a person never meets fear and gains strength and energy; he is free of illness and has radiance, strength, beauty and good qualities.

हिश्लोक कहता है कि ऐसे व्यक्ति को कहीं भय नहीं होता और उसे वीर्य और तेज मिलता है; वह निरोग रहता है और कांति, बल, रूप और गुणों से युक्त होता है।

This verse states the benefits the text itself promises. They are the text’s own words, not a claim made by this site.

Such a man never meets with fear at any time, and acquires great prowess and energy. Disease never afflicts him; splendour of complexion, strength, beauty, and accomplishments, become his.

English translation: K. M. Ganguli, The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa, Anuçasana Parva, Section CXLIX (Calcutta: Bharata Press, published by Pratapa Chandra Ray, 1893); public domain. archive.org (page 714, scan leaf n729). Shown verbatim.

Verse 8

रोगार्तो मुच्यते रोगाद्बद्धो मुच्येत बंधनात् ॥
भयान्मुच्येत भीतस्तु मुच्येतापन्न आपदः ॥ ८ ॥

Rogarto muchyate rogadbaddho muchyeta bandhanat
Bhayanmuchyeta bhitastu muchyetapanna apadah

IAST

rogārto mucyate rogādbaddho mucyeta baṃdhanāt ||
bhayānmucyeta bhītastu mucyetāpanna āpadaḥ || 8 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENThe verse says that the sick are freed from illness, the bound from bonds, the frightened from fear and the person in trouble from trouble.

हिश्लोक कहता है कि रोगी रोग से छूटता है, बँधा हुआ बंधन से, डरा हुआ भय से और विपत्ति में पड़ा विपत्ति से।

This verse states the benefits the text itself promises. They are the text’s own words, not a claim made by this site.

The sick become hale; the afflicted become freed from their afflictions; the affrighted become freed from fear, and he that is plunged in calamity becomes freed from calamity.

English translation: K. M. Ganguli, The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa, Anuçasana Parva, Section CXLIX (Calcutta: Bharata Press, published by Pratapa Chandra Ray, 1893); public domain. archive.org (page 714, scan leaf n729). Shown verbatim.

Verse 9

दुर्गाण्यतितरत्याशु पुरुषः पुरुषोत्तमम् ॥
स्तुवन्नामसहस्रेण नित्यं भक्तिसमन्वितः ॥ ९ ॥

Durganyatitaratyashu purushah purushottamam
Stuvannamasahasrena nityam bhaktisamanvitah

IAST

durgāṇyatitaratyāśu puruṣaḥ puruṣottamam ||
stuvannāmasahasreṇa nityaṃ bhaktisamanvitaḥ || 9 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENThe verse says that a person who praises the highest Person every day with these thousand names, with devotion, soon crosses every difficulty.

हिश्लोक कहता है कि जो व्यक्ति रोज़ भक्ति से इन सहस्र नामों द्वारा पुरुषोत्तम की स्तुति करता है, वह सब कठिनाइयों को शीघ्र पार कर लेता है।

This verse states the benefits the text itself promises. They are the text’s own words, not a claim made by this site.

Edition differences. Another printing or text reads this place differently.

  • The printed edition reads: दुर्गाण्यातितरात्याशु पुरुषः पुरुषोत्तमम् ॥
    स्तुवन्नामसहस्रेण नित्यं भक्तिसमन्वितः ॥ ९ ॥
    The 1923 print reads दुर्गाण्यातितरा | त्याशु across a line break (leaf n39, zoomed). We write दुर्गाण्यतितरत्याशु, as the 1921 printing does.

The man who hymns the praises of that foremost of Beings by reciting His thousand names with devotion succeeds in quickly crossing all difficulties.

English translation: K. M. Ganguli, The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa, Anuçasana Parva, Section CXLIX (Calcutta: Bharata Press, published by Pratapa Chandra Ray, 1893); public domain. archive.org (page 714, scan leaf n729). Shown verbatim.

Verse 10

वासुदेवाश्रयो मर्त्यो वासुदेवपरायणः ॥
सर्वपापविशुद्धात्मा याति ब्रह्म सनातनम् ॥ १० ॥

Vasudevashrayo martyo vasudevaparayanah
Sarvapapavishuddhatma yati brahma sanatanam

IAST

vāsudevāśrayo martyo vāsudevaparāyaṇaḥ ||
sarvapāpaviśuddhātmā yāti brahma sanātanam || 10 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENThe verse says that a person who takes refuge in Vasudeva and is devoted to him is made pure of all sin and reaches the eternal Brahman.

हिश्लोक कहता है कि जो व्यक्ति वासुदेव की शरण लेता है और उनमें लगा रहता है, वह सब पापों से शुद्ध होकर सनातन ब्रह्म को पाता है।

This verse states the benefits the text itself promises. They are the text’s own words, not a claim made by this site.

That mortal who takes refuge in Vāsudeva and who becomes devoted to Him, becomes freed of all sins and attains to eternal Brahma.

English translation: K. M. Ganguli, The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa, Anuçasana Parva, Section CXLIX (Calcutta: Bharata Press, published by Pratapa Chandra Ray, 1893); public domain. archive.org (page 714, scan leaf n729). Shown verbatim.

Verse 11

न वासुदेवभक्तानामशुभं विद्यते क्वचित् ॥
जन्ममृत्युजराव्याधिभयं नैवोपजायते ॥ ११ ॥

Na vasudevabhaktanamashubham vidyate kvachit
Janmamrityujaravyadhibhayam naivopajayate

IAST

na vāsudevabhaktānāmaśubhaṃ vidyate kvacit ||
janmamṛtyujarāvyādhibhayaṃ naivopajāyate || 11 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENThe verse says that no harm comes to the devotees of Vasudeva, and the fear of birth, death, old age and illness does not arise in them.

हिश्लोक कहता है कि वासुदेव के भक्तों का कहीं अशुभ नहीं होता, और उनमें जन्म, मृत्यु, बुढ़ापे और रोग का भय नहीं उठता।

This verse states the benefits the text itself promises. They are the text’s own words, not a claim made by this site.

They who are devoted to Vāsudeva have never to encounter any evil. They become freed from the fear of birth, death, decrepitude, and disease.

English translation: K. M. Ganguli, The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa, Anuçasana Parva, Section CXLIX (Calcutta: Bharata Press, published by Pratapa Chandra Ray, 1893); public domain. archive.org (page 714, scan leaf n729). Shown verbatim.

Verse 12

इमं स्तवमधीयानः श्रद्धाभक्तिसमन्वितः ॥
युज्येतात्मसुखक्षांतिश्रीधृतिस्मृतिकीर्तिभिः ॥ १२ ॥

Imam stavamadhiyanah shraddhabhaktisamanvitah
Yujyetatmasukhakshantishridhritismritikirtibhih

IAST

imaṃ stavamadhīyānaḥ śraddhābhaktisamanvitaḥ ||
yujyetātmasukhakṣāṃtiśrīdhṛtismṛtikīrtibhiḥ || 12 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENThe verse says that a person who studies this hymn with faith and devotion gains happiness of the self, patience, good fortune, steadiness, memory and good name.

हिश्लोक कहता है कि जो व्यक्ति श्रद्धा और भक्ति से इस स्तोत्र का पाठ करता है, उसे आत्मा का सुख, क्षमा, लक्ष्मी, धैर्य, स्मृति और कीर्ति मिलती है।

This verse states the benefits the text itself promises. They are the text’s own words, not a claim made by this site.

Edition differences. Another printing or text reads this place differently.

  • Word The 1921 Bombay printing reads: युज्येतात्मा सुखक्षांतिश्रीधृतिस्मृतिकीर्तिभिः आत्मा as a separate word ('he himself is joined with ...'), where the 1923 printing has the compound आत्मसुख-. (p. 26, leaf n163)

That man who with devotion and faith recites this hymn (consisting of the thousand names of Vāsudeva) succeeds in acquiring felicity of soul, forgiveness of disposition, prosperity, intelligence, memory, and fame.

English translation: K. M. Ganguli, The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa, Anuçasana Parva, Section CXLIX (Calcutta: Bharata Press, published by Pratapa Chandra Ray, 1893); public domain. archive.org (page 714, scan leaf n729). Shown verbatim.

Verse 13

न क्रोधो न च मात्सर्यं न लोभो नाशुभा मतिः ॥
भवंति कृतपुण्यानां भक्तानां पुरुषोत्तमे ॥ १३ ॥

Na krodho na cha matsaryam na lobho nashubha matih
Bhavanti kritapunyanam bhaktanam purushottame

IAST

na krodho na ca mātsaryaṃ na lobho nāśubhā matiḥ ||
bhavaṃti kṛtapuṇyānāṃ bhaktānāṃ puruṣottame || 13 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENThe verse says that anger, envy, greed and evil thoughts do not arise in good people who are devoted to the highest Person.

हिश्लोक कहता है कि पुरुषोत्तम के भक्त पुण्यात्माओं में क्रोध, ईर्ष्या, लोभ और बुरे विचार नहीं उठते।

This verse states the benefits the text itself promises. They are the text’s own words, not a claim made by this site.

Neither wrath, nor jealousy, nor cupidity, nor evil understanding, ever appears in those men of righteousness who are devoted to that foremost of Beings.

English translation: K. M. Ganguli, The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa, Anuçasana Parva, Section CXLIX (Calcutta: Bharata Press, published by Pratapa Chandra Ray, 1893); public domain. archive.org (page 714–715, scan leaf n729–n730). Shown verbatim.

Verse 14

द्यौः सचन्द्रार्कनक्षत्रा खं दिशो भूर्महोदधिः ॥
वासुदेवस्य वीर्येण विधृतानि महात्मनः ॥ १४ ॥

Dyauh sachandrarkanakshatra kham disho bhurmahodadhih
Vasudevasya viryena vidhritani mahatmanah

IAST

dyauḥ sacandrārkanakṣatrā khaṃ diśo bhūrmahodadhiḥ ||
vāsudevasya vīryeṇa vidhṛtāni mahātmanaḥ || 14 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENThe sky with the moon, the sun and the stars, space, the directions, the earth and the ocean are all held in place by the power of the great Vasudeva.

हिचंद्रमा, सूर्य और तारों सहित आकाश, अंतरिक्ष, दिशाएँ, पृथ्वी और महासागर, सब महात्मा वासुदेव के बल से धारण किए गए हैं।

The firmament with the sun, moon, and stars, the welkin, the points of the compass, the Earth, and the Ocean, are all held and supported by the prowess of the high-souled Vāsudeva.

English translation: K. M. Ganguli, The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa, Anuçasana Parva, Section CXLIX (Calcutta: Bharata Press, published by Pratapa Chandra Ray, 1893); public domain. archive.org (page 715, scan leaf n730). Shown verbatim.

Verse 15

ससुरासुरगंधर्वं सयक्षोरगराक्षसम् ॥
जगद्वशे वर्ततेदं कृष्णस्य सचराचरम् ॥ १५ ॥

Sasurasuragandharvam sayakshoragarakshasam
Jagadvashe vartatedam krishnasya sacharacharam

IAST

sasurāsuragaṃdharvaṃ sayakṣoragarākṣasam ||
jagadvaśe vartatedaṃ kṛṣṇasya sacarācaram || 15 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENThe whole world, moving and unmoving, with gods, asuras, gandharvas, yakshas, nagas and rakshasas, is under the rule of Krishna.

हिदेवता, असुर, गंधर्व, यक्ष, नाग और राक्षसों सहित यह सारा चर-अचर जगत कृष्ण के वश में है।

The whole mobile and immobile universe with the deities, Asuras, and Gandharvas, Yakshas, Uragas and Rākshasas, is under the sway of Krishna.

English translation: K. M. Ganguli, The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa, Anuçasana Parva, Section CXLIX (Calcutta: Bharata Press, published by Pratapa Chandra Ray, 1893); public domain. archive.org (page 715, scan leaf n730). Shown verbatim.

Verse 16

इंद्रियाणि मनो बुद्धिः सत्त्वं तेजो बलं धृतिः ॥
वासुदेवात्मकान्याहुः क्षेत्रं क्षेत्रज्ञ एव च ॥ १६ ॥

Indriyani mano buddhih sattvam tejo balam dhritih
Vasudevatmakanyahuh kshetram kshetrajna eva cha

IAST

iṃdriyāṇi mano buddhiḥ sattvaṃ tejo balaṃ dhṛtiḥ ||
vāsudevātmakānyāhuḥ kṣetraṃ kṣetrajña eva ca || 16 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENThe senses, the mind, the intellect, goodness, energy, strength and steadiness are said to have Vasudeva as their self; so are the body (the field) and the one who knows the field.

हिइंद्रियाँ, मन, बुद्धि, सत्त्व, तेज, बल और धैर्य, इन सबका आत्मा वासुदेव को कहा गया है; और क्षेत्र (शरीर) तथा क्षेत्र को जानने वाला भी।

The senses, mind, understanding, life, energy, strength, and memory, it has been said, have Vāsudeva for their soul. Indeed, this body that is called Kshetra, and the intelligent soul within, that is called the knower of Kshetra, also have Vāsudeva for their soul.

English translation: K. M. Ganguli, The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa, Anuçasana Parva, Section CXLIX (Calcutta: Bharata Press, published by Pratapa Chandra Ray, 1893); public domain. archive.org (page 715, scan leaf n730). Shown verbatim.

Verse 17

सर्वागमानामाचारः प्रथमं परिकल्पते ॥
आचारप्रभवो धर्मो धर्मस्य प्रभुरच्युतः ॥ १७ ॥

Sarvagamanamacharah prathamam parikalpate
Acharaprabhavo dharmo dharmasya prabhurachyutah

IAST

sarvāgamānāmācāraḥ prathamaṃ parikalpate ||
ācāraprabhavo dharmo dharmasya prabhuracyutaḥ || 17 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENRight conduct is named first in all the scriptures. Dharma comes from right conduct, and the lord of dharma is Achyuta.

हिसब शास्त्रों में आचार को पहले रखा गया है। धर्म आचार से उत्पन्न होता है, और धर्म के स्वामी अच्युत हैं।

Conduct (consisting of practices) is said to be the foremost of all topics treated of in the scriptures. Righteousness has conduct for its basis. The unfading Vāsudeva is said to be the lord of Righteousness.

English translation: K. M. Ganguli, The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa, Anuçasana Parva, Section CXLIX (Calcutta: Bharata Press, published by Pratapa Chandra Ray, 1893); public domain. archive.org (page 715, scan leaf n730). Shown verbatim.

Verse 18

ऋषयः पितरो देवा महाभूतानि धातवः ॥
जंगमाजंगमं चेदं जगन्नारायणोद्भवम् ॥ १८ ॥

Rishayah pitaro deva mahabhutani dhatavah
Jangamajangamam chedam jagannarayanodbhavam

IAST

ṛṣayaḥ pitaro devā mahābhūtāni dhātavaḥ ||
jaṃgamājaṃgamaṃ cedaṃ jagannārāyaṇodbhavam || 18 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENThe sages, the ancestors, the gods, the great elements, the metals and this whole moving and unmoving world come from Narayana.

हिऋषि, पितर, देवता, महाभूत, धातुएँ और यह सारा चर-अचर जगत नारायण से उत्पन्न हुआ है।

The Rishis, the Pitris, the deities, the great (primal) elements, the metals, indeed, the entire mobile and immobile universe, has sprung from Nārāyana.

English translation: K. M. Ganguli, The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa, Anuçasana Parva, Section CXLIX (Calcutta: Bharata Press, published by Pratapa Chandra Ray, 1893); public domain. archive.org (page 715, scan leaf n730). Shown verbatim.

Verse 19

योगो ज्ञानं तथा सांख्यं विद्याः शिल्पादिकर्म च ॥
वेदाः शास्त्राणि विज्ञानमेतत्सर्वं जनार्दनात् ॥ १९ ॥

Yogo jnanam tatha sankhyam vidyah shilpadikarma cha
Vedah shastrani vijnanametatsarvam janardanat

IAST

yogo jñānaṃ tathā sāṃkhyaṃ vidyāḥ śilpādikarma ca ||
vedāḥ śāstrāṇi vijñānametatsarvaṃ janārdanāt || 19 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENYoga, knowledge, Sankhya, the branches of learning, the crafts and other work, the Vedas, the shastras and all wisdom come from Janardana.

हियोग, ज्ञान, सांख्य, विद्याएँ, शिल्प आदि कर्म, वेद, शास्त्र और सारा विज्ञान जनार्दन से है।

Yoga, the Sānkhya philosophy, knowledge, all mechanical arts, the Vedas, the diverse scriptures, and all learning, have sprung from Janārddana.

English translation: K. M. Ganguli, The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa, Anuçasana Parva, Section CXLIX (Calcutta: Bharata Press, published by Pratapa Chandra Ray, 1893); public domain. archive.org (page 715, scan leaf n730). Shown verbatim.

Verse 20

एको विष्णुर्महद्भूतं पृथग्भूतान्यनेकशः ॥
त्रीँल्लोकान्व्याप्य भूतात्मा भुंक्ते विश्वभुगव्ययः ॥ २० ॥

Eko vishnurmahadbhutam prithagbhutanyanekashah
Trinllokanvyapya bhutatma bhunkte vishvabhugavyayah

IAST

eko viṣṇurmahadbhūtaṃ pṛthagbhūtānyanekaśaḥ ||
trīm̐llokānvyāpya bhūtātmā bhuṃkte viśvabhugavyayaḥ || 20 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENVishnu is one great being who has become many beings. He fills the three worlds as the self of all, and he enjoys them; he is the enjoyer of the universe and never decays.

हिविष्णु एक महान भूत हैं जो अनेक भूतों के रूप में अलग-अलग हुए हैं। वे सबके आत्मा के रूप में तीनों लोकों में व्याप्त हैं और उनका भोग करते हैं; वे विश्व के भोक्ता हैं और कभी क्षीण नहीं होते।

Edition differences. Another printing or text reads this place differently.

  • Spelling The 1921 Bombay printing reads: त्रीन् लोकान्व्याप्य त्रीन् for त्रीँल्. (p. 27, leaf n164)

Vishnu is one great element or substance which has spread itself out into multifarious forms. Covering the three worlds, He, the soul of all things, enjoys them all. His glory knows no diminution, and He it is that is the Enjoyer of the universe (as its supreme Lord).

English translation: K. M. Ganguli, The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa, Anuçasana Parva, Section CXLIX (Calcutta: Bharata Press, published by Pratapa Chandra Ray, 1893); public domain. archive.org (page 715, scan leaf n730). Shown verbatim.

Verse 21

इमं स्तवं भगवतो विष्णोर्व्यासेन कीर्तितम् ॥
पठेद्य इच्छेत्पुरुषः श्रेयः प्राप्तुं सुखानि च ॥ २१ ॥

Imam stavam bhagavato vishnorvyasena kirtitam
Pathedya ichchhetpurushah shreyah praptum sukhani cha

IAST

imaṃ stavaṃ bhagavato viṣṇorvyāsena kīrtitam ||
paṭhedya icchetpuruṣaḥ śreyaḥ prāptuṃ sukhāni ca || 21 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENVyasa made this hymn to the Lord Vishnu. The verse says that a person who wants the highest good and happiness should recite it.

हिव्यास ने भगवान विष्णु का यह स्तोत्र रचा। श्लोक कहता है कि जो व्यक्ति श्रेय (परम कल्याण) और सुख चाहता है, उसे इसका पाठ करना चाहिए।

This verse states the benefits the text itself promises. They are the text’s own words, not a claim made by this site.

This hymn in praise of the illustrious Vishnu, composed by Vyāsa, should be recited by that person who wishes to acquire happiness and that which is the highest benefit (viz., Emancipation).

English translation: K. M. Ganguli, The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa, Anuçasana Parva, Section CXLIX (Calcutta: Bharata Press, published by Pratapa Chandra Ray, 1893); public domain. archive.org (page 715, scan leaf n730). Shown verbatim.

Verse 22

विश्वेश्वरमजं देवं जगतः प्रभवाप्ययम् ॥
भजंति ये पुष्कराक्षं न ते यांति पराभवम् ॥ २२ ॥

Vishveshvaramajam devam jagatah prabhavapyayam
Bhajanti ye pushkaraksham na te yanti parabhavam

IAST

viśveśvaramajaṃ devaṃ jagataḥ prabhavāpyayam ||
bhajaṃti ye puṣkarākṣaṃ na te yāṃti parābhavam || 22 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENThe verse says that those who worship the lotus-eyed Lord of the universe, the unborn God from whom the world comes and into whom it goes, never meet defeat.

हिश्लोक कहता है कि जो विश्व के स्वामी, अजन्मे, जगत के उद्गम और लय-स्थान, कमल-नयन भगवान को भजते हैं, उनकी कभी पराजय नहीं होती।

This verse states the benefits the text itself promises. They are the text’s own words, not a claim made by this site.

Those persons that worship and adore the Lord of the universe, that deity who is unborn and possessed of blazing effulgence, who is the origin or cause of the universe, who knows no deterioration, and who is endued with eyes that are as large and beautiful as the petals of the lotus, have never to meet with any discomfiture.’ ”

English translation: K. M. Ganguli, The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa, Anuçasana Parva, Section CXLIX (Calcutta: Bharata Press, published by Pratapa Chandra Ray, 1893); public domain. archive.org (page 715, scan leaf n730). Shown verbatim.

Arjuna's prayer and the closing verses of praise

Verse 23

अर्जुन उवाच ॥ Arjuna uvacha

पद्मपत्रविशालाक्ष पद्मनाभ सुरोत्तम ॥
भक्तानामनुरक्तानां त्राता भव जनार्दन ॥ २३ ॥

Padmapatravishalaksha padmanabha surottama
Bhaktanamanuraktanam trata bhava janardana

IAST

padmapatraviśālākṣa padmanābha surottama ||
bhaktānāmanuraktānāṃ trātā bhava janārdana || 23 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENArjuna prays: “O lotus-eyed one, with the lotus in your navel, best of the gods, Janardana, be the protector of the devotees who love you.”

हिअर्जुन प्रार्थना करते हैं: “हे कमल-पत्र जैसे विशाल नेत्रों वाले, पद्मनाभ, देवों में श्रेष्ठ, जनार्दन, अपने प्रेमी भक्तों के रक्षक बनिए।”

Verse 24

श्रीभगवानुवाच ॥ Shribhagavanuvacha

यो मां नामसहस्रेण स्तोतुमिच्छति पांडव ॥
सोऽहमेकेन श्लोकेन स्तुत एव न संशयः ॥ २४ ॥

Yo mam namasahasrena stotumichchhati pandava
Sohamekena shlokena stuta eva na sanshayah

IAST

yo māṃ nāmasahasreṇa stotumicchati pāṃḍava ||
so’hamekena ślokena stuta eva na saṃśayaḥ || 24 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENThe Lord answers: “Pandava, whoever wishes to praise me with the thousand names, I am praised by him even with one verse; there is no doubt.”

हिभगवान उत्तर देते हैं: “हे पांडव, जो मेरी सहस्र नामों से स्तुति करना चाहता है, उसके द्वारा मैं एक श्लोक से भी स्तुत हो जाता हूँ; इसमें संदेह नहीं।”

Edition differences. Another printing or text reads this place differently.

  • The printed edition reads: यो मां नामसहस्रेण स्तोतुमिच्छति पांडव ॥
    सोहमेकेन श्लोकेन स्तुत एव न संशयः ॥ २४ ॥
    The 1923 print has no avagraha ('सोह मेकेन', leaf n42). We write सोऽहमेकेन, as the 1921 printing does.

Verse 25

नमोऽस्त्वनंताय सहस्रमूर्तये सहस्रपादाक्षिशिरोरुबाहवे ॥
सहस्रनाम्ने पुरुषाय शाश्वते सहस्रकोटीयुगधारिणे नमः ॥ २५ ॥

Namostvanantaya sahasramurtaye sahasrapadakshishirorubahave
Sahasranamne purushaya shashvate sahasrakotiyugadharine namah

IAST

namo’stvanaṃtāya sahasramūrtaye sahasrapādākṣiśirorubāhave ||
sahasranāmne puruṣāya śāśvate sahasrakoṭīyugadhāriṇe namaḥ || 25 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENA salutation to the endless one, who has a thousand forms, a thousand feet, eyes, heads, thighs and arms, a thousand names, the eternal Person who holds up the ages in thousands of crores.

हिउन अनंत को नमस्कार, जिनके सहस्र रूप हैं, सहस्र पैर, नेत्र, सिर, जंघाएँ और भुजाएँ हैं, जिनके सहस्र नाम हैं, जो शाश्वत पुरुष हैं और सहस्र करोड़ युगों को धारण करते हैं।

Edition differences. Another printing or text reads this place differently.

  • The printed edition reads: नमोस्त्वनंताय सहस्रमूर्तये सहस्रपादाक्षिशिरोरुबाहवे ॥
    सहस्रनाम्ने पुरुषाय शाश्वते सहस्रकोटीयुगधारिणे नमः ॥ २५ ॥
    The 1923 print has no avagraha in नमोस्त्वनंताय (leaf n42). We write नमोऽस्त्वनंताय, as the 1921 printing does.

Verse 26

नमः कमलनाभाय नमस्ते जलशायिने ॥
नमस्ते केशवानंत वासुदेव नमोऽस्तु ते ॥ २६ ॥

Namah kamalanabhaya namaste jalashayine
Namaste keshavananta vasudeva namostu te

IAST

namaḥ kamalanābhāya namaste jalaśāyine ||
namaste keśavānaṃta vāsudeva namo’stu te || 26 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENSalutation to the one with the lotus in his navel, to the one who rests on the waters; salutation to you, Keshava, the endless one, Vasudeva.

हिकमलनाभ को नमस्कार, जल पर शयन करने वाले को नमस्कार; हे केशव, अनंत, वासुदेव, आपको नमस्कार।

Edition differences. Another printing or text reads this place differently.

  • The printed edition reads: नमः कमलनाभाय नमस्ते जलशायिने ॥
    नमस्ते केशवानंत वासुदेव नमोस्तुते ॥ २६ ॥
    The 1923 print has नमोस्तुते without avagraha (leaf n43). We write नमोऽस्तु ते, as the 1921 printing does.

Verse 27

वासनाद्वासुदेवस्य वासितं भुवनत्रयम् ॥
सर्वभूतनिवासोऽसि वासुदेव नमोऽस्तु ते ॥ २७ ॥

Vasanadvasudevasya vasitam bhuvanatrayam
Sarvabhutanivasosi vasudeva namostu te

IAST

vāsanādvāsudevasya vāsitaṃ bhuvanatrayam ||
sarvabhūtanivāso’si vāsudeva namo’stu te || 27 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENThe three worlds are filled by Vasudeva, because he dwells in them. You are the dwelling place of all beings, Vasudeva; salutation to you.

हिवासुदेव के वास से तीनों लोक बसे हुए हैं। हे वासुदेव, आप सब प्राणियों के निवास हैं; आपको नमस्कार।

Verse 28

नमो ब्रह्मण्यदेवाय गोब्राह्मणहिताय च ॥
जगद्धिताय कृष्णाय गोविंदाय नमो नमः ॥ २८ ॥

Namo brahmanyadevaya gobrahmanahitaya cha
Jagaddhitaya krishnaya govindaya namo namah

IAST

namo brahmaṇyadevāya gobrāhmaṇahitāya ca ||
jagaddhitāya kṛṣṇāya goviṃdāya namo namaḥ || 28 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENSalutation again and again to Krishna, to Govinda, the God who cares for the Brahmanas, who wants the good of cows and Brahmanas and the good of the world.

हिब्राह्मणों के प्रिय देव, गौओं और ब्राह्मणों का हित करने वाले, जगत का हित करने वाले कृष्ण और गोविंद को बार-बार नमस्कार।

Verse 29

आकाशात्पतितं तोयं यथा गच्छति सागरम् ॥
सर्वदेवनमस्कारः केशवं प्रति गच्छति ॥ २९ ॥

Akashatpatitam toyam yatha gachchhati sagaram
Sarvadevanamaskarah keshavam prati gachchhati

IAST

ākāśātpatitaṃ toyaṃ yathā gacchati sāgaram ||
sarvadevanamaskāraḥ keśavaṃ prati gacchati || 29 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENAs rain that falls from the sky goes to the ocean, so a salutation offered to any god goes to Keshava.

हिजैसे आकाश से गिरा जल समुद्र में जाता है, वैसे ही किसी भी देवता को किया गया नमस्कार केशव तक जाता है।

Verse 30

एष निष्कंटकः पंथा यत्र संपूज्यते हरिः ॥
कुपथं तं विजानीयाद्गोविंदरहितागमम् ॥ ३० ॥

Esha nishkantakah pantha yatra sampujyate harih
Kupatham tam vijaniyadgovindarahitagamam

IAST

eṣa niṣkaṃṭakaḥ paṃthā yatra saṃpūjyate hariḥ ||
kupathaṃ taṃ vijānīyādgoviṃdarahitāgamam || 30 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENWhere Hari is worshipped, that path has no thorns. A teaching without Govinda should be known as a wrong path.

हिजहाँ हरि की पूजा होती है, वह मार्ग काँटों से रहित है। गोविंद से रहित शास्त्र को कुमार्ग जानना चाहिए।

Edition differences. Another printing or text reads this place differently.

  • The printed edition reads: एष निष्कंटकः पंथा यत्र संपूज्यते हरिः ॥
    कुपथं तं विजानीयाद्गोविंदराहितागमम् ॥ ३० ॥
    The 1923 print reads गोविंदराहितागमम् (leaf n44, zoomed), a misprint for गोविंदरहितागमम्, which the 1921 printing has.

Verse 31

सर्ववेदेषु यत्पुण्यं सर्वतीर्थेषु यत्फलम् ॥
तत्फलं समवाप्नोति स्तुत्वा देवं जनार्दनम् ॥ ३१ ॥

Sarvavedeshu yatpunyam sarvatirtheshu yatphalam
Tatphalam samavapnoti stutva devam janardanam

IAST

sarvavedeṣu yatpuṇyaṃ sarvatīrtheṣu yatphalam ||
tatphalaṃ samavāpnoti stutvā devaṃ janārdanam || 31 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENThe verse says that by praising Janardana a person gains the merit found in all the Vedas and the fruit of all the holy places.

हिश्लोक कहता है कि जनार्दन की स्तुति करके व्यक्ति वह पुण्य पाता है जो सब वेदों में है और वह फल जो सब तीर्थों में है।

This verse states the benefits the text itself promises. They are the text’s own words, not a claim made by this site.

Verse 32

यो नरः पठते नित्यं त्रिकालं केशवालये ॥
द्विकालमेककालं वा क्रूरं सर्वं व्यपोहति ॥ ३२ ॥

Yo narah pathate nityam trikalam keshavalaye
Dvikalamekakalam va kruram sarvam vyapohati

IAST

yo naraḥ paṭhate nityaṃ trikālaṃ keśavālaye ||
dvikālamekakālaṃ vā krūraṃ sarvaṃ vyapohati || 32 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENThe verse says that a person who recites it every day in a temple of Keshava, three times a day, or twice, or once, removes everything harsh.

हिश्लोक कहता है कि जो व्यक्ति केशव के मंदिर में रोज़ तीन बार, या दो बार, या एक बार इसका पाठ करता है, वह सब कठोर (दुःख) दूर कर देता है।

This verse states the benefits the text itself promises. They are the text’s own words, not a claim made by this site.

Verse 33

दह्यंते रिपवस्तस्य सौम्याः सर्वे सदा ग्रहाः ॥
विलीयंते च पापानि स्तवे ह्यस्मिन्प्रकीर्तिते ॥ ३३ ॥

Dahyante ripavastasya saumyah sarve sada grahah
Viliyante cha papani stave hyasminprakirtite

IAST

dahyaṃte ripavastasya saumyāḥ sarve sadā grahāḥ ||
vilīyaṃte ca pāpāni stave hyasminprakīrtite || 33 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENThe verse says that when this hymn is recited, that person's enemies are burnt away, all the planets are kind to him, and his sins melt away.

हिश्लोक कहता है कि इस स्तोत्र के पाठ से उस व्यक्ति के शत्रु जल जाते हैं, सब ग्रह उसके लिए सौम्य रहते हैं, और उसके पाप विलीन हो जाते हैं।

This verse states the benefits the text itself promises. They are the text’s own words, not a claim made by this site.

Verse 34

येन ध्यातः श्रुतो येन येनायं पठितः स्तवः ॥
दत्तानि सर्वदानानि सुराः सर्वे समर्चिताः ॥ ३४ ॥

Yena dhyatah shruto yena yenayam pathitah stavah
Dattani sarvadanani surah sarve samarchitah

IAST

yena dhyātaḥ śruto yena yenāyaṃ paṭhitaḥ stavaḥ ||
dattāni sarvadānāni surāḥ sarve samarcitāḥ || 34 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENThe verse says that a person who has meditated on it, heard it or recited it has, as it were, given every gift and worshipped all the gods.

हिश्लोक कहता है कि जिसने इसका ध्यान किया, इसे सुना या इसका पाठ किया, उसने मानो सब दान दे दिए और सब देवताओं की पूजा कर ली।

This verse states the benefits the text itself promises. They are the text’s own words, not a claim made by this site.

Edition differences. Another printing or text reads this place differently.

  • Word The 1921 Bombay printing reads: येनायं पठ्यते स्तवः पठ्यते ('is recited') for पठितः ('has been recited'). (p. 30, leaf n167)

Verse 35

इह लोके परे वापि न भयं विद्यते क्वचित् ॥
नाम्नां सहस्रं योऽधीते द्वादश्यां मम सन्निधौ ॥ ३५ ॥

Iha loke pare vapi na bhayam vidyate kvachit
Namnam sahasram yodhite dvadashyam mama sannidhau

IAST

iha loke pare vāpi na bhayaṃ vidyate kvacit ||
nāmnāṃ sahasraṃ yo’dhīte dvādaśyāṃ mama sannidhau || 35 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENIn the verse the Lord says that a person who recites the thousand names on the twelfth day of the lunar fortnight in his presence has no fear in this world or the next.

हिश्लोक में भगवान कहते हैं कि जो व्यक्ति द्वादशी को उनके सामने सहस्र नामों का पाठ करता है, उसे इस लोक या परलोक में कहीं भय नहीं होता।

This verse states the benefits the text itself promises. They are the text’s own words, not a claim made by this site.

Edition differences. Another printing or text reads this place differently.

  • The printed edition reads: इह लोके परे वापि न भयं विद्यते क्वचित् ॥
    नाम्नां सहस्रं योऽधीते द्वादश्यां मम सन्निधौ ॥ ॥ ३५ ॥
    The 1923 print sets ॥ twice before the number (leaf n45); we write one.
  • Spelling The 1921 Bombay printing reads: संनिधौ (p. 30, leaf n167)

Verse 36

स निर्दहति पापानि कल्पकोटिशतानि च ॥
अश्वत्थसन्निधौ पार्थ कृत्वा मनसि केशवम् ॥ ३६ ॥

Sa nirdahati papani kalpakotishatani cha
Ashvatthasannidhau partha kritva manasi keshavam

IAST

sa nirdahati pāpāni kalpakoṭiśatāni ca ||
aśvatthasannidhau pārtha kṛtvā manasi keśavam || 36 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENThe verse says that such a person burns away sins of countless ages. It adds: Partha, near an ashvattha tree, keeping Keshava in mind,

हिश्लोक कहता है कि ऐसा व्यक्ति अनगिनत कल्पों के पाप जला देता है। फिर कहता है: हे पार्थ, पीपल के पास, मन में केशव को रखकर,

This verse states the benefits the text itself promises. They are the text’s own words, not a claim made by this site.

Edition differences. Another printing or text reads this place differently.

  • Word The 1921 Bombay printing reads: शनैर्दहति पापानि शनैः ('slowly') for स निर्-. (p. 30, leaf n167)
  • Word The 1921 Bombay printing reads: अश्वत्थसंनिधौ पार्थ तुलसीसंनिधौ तथा 'near the ashvattha tree, Partha, and near the tulasi too' for 'near the ashvattha tree, Partha, keeping Keshava in mind'. (p. 30, leaf n167)

Verse 37

पठेन्नामसहस्रं तु गवां कोटिफलं लभेत् ॥
शिवालये पठेन्नित्यं तुलसीवनसंस्थितः ॥ ३७ ॥

Pathennamasahasram tu gavam kotiphalam labhet
Shivalaye pathennityam tulasivanasansthitah

IAST

paṭhennāmasahasraṃ tu gavāṃ koṭiphalaṃ labhet ||
śivālaye paṭhennityaṃ tulasīvanasaṃsthitaḥ || 37 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENone should recite the thousand names; the verse says this gives the merit of giving a crore of cows. One may also recite them every day in a temple of Shiva, or sitting in a grove of tulasi.

हिसहस्र नामों का पाठ करना चाहिए; श्लोक कहता है कि इससे करोड़ गौओं के दान का फल मिलता है। रोज़ शिवालय में, या तुलसी-वन में बैठकर भी पाठ किया जा सकता है।

This verse states the benefits the text itself promises. They are the text’s own words, not a claim made by this site.

Verse 38

नरो मुक्तिमवाप्नोति चक्रपाणेर्वचो यथा ॥
ब्रह्महत्यादिकं पापं सर्वं सद्यो विनश्यति ॥ ३८ ॥

Naro muktimavapnoti chakrapanervacho yatha
Brahmahatyadikam papam sarvam sadyo vinashyati

IAST

naro muktimavāpnoti cakrapāṇervaco yathā ||
brahmahatyādikaṃ pāpaṃ sarvaṃ sadyo vinaśyati || 38 ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENThe verse says that such a person gains freedom (moksha), as the word of the one with the discus in his hand promises, and that every sin, even the killing of a Brahmana, is destroyed at once.

हिश्लोक कहता है कि ऐसा व्यक्ति मुक्ति पाता है, जैसा चक्रपाणि का वचन है, और ब्रह्महत्या जैसे पाप भी तुरंत नष्ट हो जाते हैं।

This verse states the benefits the text itself promises. They are the text’s own words, not a claim made by this site.

Edition differences. Another printing or text reads this place differently.

  • Word The 1921 Bombay printing reads: ब्रह्महत्यादिकं घोरं सर्वपापं विनश्यति 'every terrible sin, such as killing a brahmin, is destroyed', without सद्यः ('at once'). (p. 31, leaf n168)

Verse

पार्वत्युवाच ॥ Parvatyuvacha

केनोपायेन लघुना विष्णोर्नामसहस्रकं ।
पठ्यते पंडितैर्नित्यं श्रोतुमिच्छाम्यहं प्रभो ॥

Kenopayena laghuna vishnornamasahasrakam
Pathyate panditairnityam shrotumichchhamyaham prabho

IAST

kenopāyena laghunā viṣṇornāmasahasrakaṃ |
paṭhyate paṃḍitairnityaṃ śrotumicchāmyahaṃ prabho ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENParvati asks: "By what easy means do the learned recite the thousand names of Vishnu every day? I wish to hear it, Lord."

हिपार्वती पूछती हैं: "विद्वान किस सरल उपाय से विष्णु के हज़ार नामों का नित्य पाठ करते हैं? हे प्रभु, मैं यह सुनना चाहती हूँ।"

Word by word
  1. केन kena · by what (interrogative pronoun, instrumental singular) Dictionary: 2. ka, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 240, col. 2 “who? which? what?”
  2. उपायेन upāyena · by means (noun (masculine), instrumental singular) Dictionary: upāya, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 215, col. 2 “that by which one reaches one's aim, a means or expedient (of any kind)”
  3. लघुना laghunā · easy (adjective, instrumental singular) Dictionary: laghu, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 893, col. 3 “light, easy, not heavy or difficult”
  4. विष्णोः viṣṇoḥ · of Vishnu (noun (masculine), genitive singular) Dictionary: viṣṇu, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 999, col. 1 “N. of one of the principal Hindū deities”
  5. नामसहस्रकम् nāmasahasrakam · the thousand names (compound (neuter), nominative singular) Dictionary: nāman, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 536, col. 2 “name, appellation”; sahasraka, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1196, col. 3 “amounting to a thousand, having a thousand”
  6. पठ्यते paṭhyate · is recited (present passive, 3rd person singular) Dictionary: paṭh, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 580, col. 1 “to read or repeat aloud, to recite, rehearse”
  7. पंडितैः paṃḍitaiḥ · by the learned (noun (masculine), instrumental plural) Dictionary: paṇḍita, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 580, col. 3 “learned, wise, shrewd, clever”
  8. नित्यम् nityam · always, every day (indeclinable) Dictionary: nitya, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 547, col. 2 “(am), ind. always, constantly, regularly”
  9. श्रोतुम् śrotum · to hear (infinitive (to do)) Dictionary: 1. śru, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1100, col. 3 “to hear, listen or attend to anything”
  10. इच्छामि icchāmi · "I wish" (Parvati) (present, 1st person singular) Dictionary: 3. iṣ, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 169, col. 1 “to desire, wish, long for, request”
  11. अहम् aham · "I" (Parvati) (pronoun, nominative singular) Dictionary: aham, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 124, col. 2 “nom. sg. ‘I,’”
  12. प्रभो prabho · O Lord (noun (masculine), vocative singular) Dictionary: prabhu, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 684, col. 3 “a master, lord, king”

Edition differences. Another printing or text reads this place differently.

  • The printed edition reads: केनोपायेन लघुना विष्णोर्नामसहस्रकं ।
    पठ्यते पंडितैर्नित्यं श्रोतुमिच्छाम्यहं प्रभो ॥ २६ ॥
    The 1873 printing numbers this verse ౨౬ (26) in its own count of the closing verses. The number is left out here: the other closing verses carry the 1923 printing's numbers, which run to 38, and that printing has no place for this verse.

Verse

ईश्वर उवाच ॥ Ishvara uvacha

श्रीराम राम रामेति रमे रामे मनोरमे ।
सहस्रनाम तत्तुल्यं रामनाम वरानने ॥

Shrirama rama rameti rame rame manorame
Sahasranama tattulyam ramanama varanane

IAST

śrīrāma rāma rāmeti rame rāme manorame |
sahasranāma tattulyaṃ rāmanāma varānane ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

ENIshvara (Shiva) answers Parvati: "Saying 'Shri Rama, Rama, Rama', I delight in Rama, who delights the mind." The verse says that the name of Rama is equal to the thousand names. Shiva calls Parvati "lovely-faced one" (varānane).

हिईश्वर (शिव) पार्वती को उत्तर देते हैं: "'श्रीराम राम राम' कहते हुए मैं मन को आनंद देने वाले राम में रमता हूँ।" श्लोक कहता है कि राम का नाम हज़ार नामों के बराबर है। शिव पार्वती को "वरानने" (सुंदर मुख वाली) कहते हैं।

Word by word
  1. श्रीराम śrīrāma · O Shri Rama (compound, vocative singular) Dictionary: śrī-rāma, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1100, col. 1 “the divine Rāma, i.e. Rāma-candra”
  2. राम rāma · O Rama (noun (masculine), vocative singular) Dictionary: rāma, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 877, col. 1 “N. of various mythical personages”
  3. राम rāma · O Rama (noun (masculine), vocative singular) Dictionary: rāma, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 877, col. 1 “N. of various mythical personages”
  4. इति iti · thus (closes the words said) (indeclinable) Dictionary: 2. iti, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 165, col. 1 “in this manner, thus”
  5. रमे rame · "I delight" (Shiva) (present (middle), 1st person singular) Dictionary: ram, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 867, col. 2 “to delight”
  6. रामे rāme · in Rama (noun (masculine), locative singular) Dictionary: rāma, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 877, col. 1 “N. of various mythical personages”
  7. मनोरमे manorame · who delights the mind (adjective, locative singular) Dictionary: mano-rama, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 785, col. 2 “gratifying the mind, attractive, pleasant, charming, beautiful”
  8. सहस्रनाम sahasranāma · the thousand names (compound (neuter), nominative singular) Dictionary: sahasra, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1195, col. 2 “a thousand”; nāman, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 536, col. 2 “name, appellation”
  9. तत्तुल्यम् tattulyam · equal to that (compound (neuter), nominative singular) Dictionary: tad, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 434, col. 1 “m. he, f. she, n. it, that, this”; tulya, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 451, col. 3 “equal to, of the same kind or class or number or value, similar, comparable, like”
  10. रामनाम rāmanāma · the name of Rama (compound (neuter), nominative singular) Dictionary: rāma, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 877, col. 1 “N. of various mythical personages”; nāman, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 536, col. 2 “name, appellation”
  11. वरानने varānane · O lovely-faced one (compound (feminine), vocative singular) Dictionary: 2. vara, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 922, col. 1 “best, most excellent”; ānana, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 139, col. 3 “the mouth; the face, R.; Ragh. &c.”

This verse states the benefits the text itself promises. They are the text’s own words, not a claim made by this site.

Edition differences. Another printing or text reads this place differently.

  • The printed edition reads: श्रीराम राम रामेति रमे रामे मनोरमे ।
    श्रीसहस्रनाम तत्तुल्यं रामनाम वरानने ॥ २७ ॥
    The 1873 printing numbers this verse ౨౭ (27) in its own count of the closing verses. The number is left out here, as for uttara-parvati.
  • Word The 1873 Madras printing reads: श्रीसहस्रनाम तत्तुल्यं रामनाम वरानने The 1873 printing (leaf n28) reads 'శ్రీసహస్రనామ' (श्रीसहस्रनाम), read at high zoom: the same శ్రీ as at the start of the verse. The display follows today's common wording सहस्रनाम (decision 14; batch 10).

इति श्रीमन्महाभारते शतसाहस्र्यां संहितायां वैयासिक्यामानुशासनिके पर्वणि दानधर्मोत्तरे भीष्मयुधिष्ठिरसम्वादे श्रीविष्णोर्दिव्यसहस्रनामस्तोत्रं सम्पूर्णम् ॥
॥ श्रीकृष्णार्पणमस्तु ॥

The 1,000 names, one by one

The verses of names hold 1,000 names, as Shankara divides them. Each names page gives every name with its meaning, how Shankara explains it (summarised in our own words) and the dictionary entry the meaning was checked against.

About the Vishnu Sahasranama

The names are 107 verses long. Each name tells one thing about Vishnu, for example Viśvam, "the whole universe", or Puruṣottamaḥ, "the highest person". Some names come more than once, with a different sense each time. The commentator Shankara explained every name, and his count gives exactly one thousand. We follow his division of the names. Under each name we give its meaning in plain English and Hindi, a summary of Shankara's explanation in our own words, and the entry in the 1899 Sanskrit-English Dictionary of Monier Monier-Williams. Other teachers divide and explain some names differently; where they do, the name says so.

Printings for recitation add verses before and after the Mahabharata chapter: opening prayers, a nyasa (a short rite that names the seer, metre and deity of the hymn) and verses for meditation (dhyana), and at the end more verses of praise. Our Sanskrit is read from a printing of 1923 from the Lakshmi Venkateshwar Press, and checked against a Nirnaya Sagar Press printing bound with a 1921 Gita. Where the two differ, the difference is listed under the verse. In a few words, where today's printings from different publishers agree, the text follows their common wording, and the printed reading is listed under the verse. Three often-recited verses that neither printing has, 'Shuklambaradharam' at the start and Parvati's question with Shiva's answer 'Shri Rama Rama Rameti' at the end, are read from a Telugu-script printing of 1873 from Madras and written here in Devanagari; each says so. The closing verses describe what the hymn brings. These are the text's own claims, and our explanations say so. Beside the Sanskrit of the Mahabharata verses is K. M. Ganguli's English translation of 1893, unchanged. Many families recite the hymn every day or on Thursdays; customs differ by family and region.

How to say it

The text is Sanskrit, and the IAST line writes it as it is spelled. Every short "a" is spoken, also at the end of a word (Keśava, not Keśav). ḥ (visarga) is a short breath that echoes the vowel before it (viṣṇuḥ ≈ "vishnuhu"). ṃ (anusvāra) is a nasal sound; before a consonant it takes that consonant's nasal. In recitation the names are run together as the verse joins them (sandhi); under each name its own form is given. The printing marks a pause with ॥ at the end of each half-verse.

Festivals whose guides name this prayer

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Questions families ask

Who wrote the Vishnu Sahasranama?

Traditionally attributed to the sage Vyasa, as part of the Mahabharata.

Which text does this page follow?

Sanskrit text: a reading text, checked against today’s editions; dated by the 1873 Madras printing. Meanings: written for Pujadeep and checked against the cited edition. See the source

Source and licence

Text
विष्णुसहस्रनामस्तोत्र सप्तश्लोकीगीतासमेतम् (Vishnu Sahasranama Stotra, with the Saptashloki Gita) (Gangavishnu Shrikrishnadas, Lakshmi Venkateshwar Steam Press, Kalyan-Bombay, 1923). Public domain. The Sanskrit on these pages was read from this printing’s page images.
Dated witness
శ్రీవిష్ణుసహస్రనామస్తోత్రము, శ్రీకృష్ణాష్టోత్తరము ఇత్యాద్యత్యావశ్యకగ్రంథరత్నపేటికాయమానంబై యున్న యీపుస్తకము (Sri Vishnu Sahasranama Stotra, Sri Krishna Ashtottara and other needful texts, a small casket of jewels; Sanskrit in Telugu script) (Tiru Venkatacharya, Sarasvati Nilaya press (సరస్వతీనిలయ ముద్రాక్షరశాల), Madras, 1873). Public domain. Used only to date the text. The Devanagari on this page is a reading text and is not copied from this printing.
Translation
The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa, translated into English prose: Anuçasana Parva (Kisari Mohan Ganguli, Pratapa Chandra Ray, Bharata Press (Pratapa Chandra Ray), Calcutta, 1893). Public domain. Shown verbatim, as printed.
Common wording
In this text, 10 words follow today's common wording, checked against sanskritdocuments.org; Sri Ramakrishna Math, Madras and Gita Press, Gorakhpur.
Our explanation
Explanation written for this site from the sources listed here, and checked against the cited edition. It is not a translation and not the only way to read the text. Free to quote with credit.
Checked
Checked against the cited edition, October 15, 2026.
Updated
October 24, 2026

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