Bhagavad Gita 15.20 Meaning: Iti guhyatamam

Bhagavad Gita 15.20

इति गुह्यतमं शास्त्रमिदमुक्तं मयाऽनघ ।एतद्बुद्ध्वा बुद्धिमान् स्यात्कृतकृत्यश्च भारत ॥

Iti guhyatamam shastramidamuktam mayanaghaEtadbuddhva buddhiman syatkritakrityashcha bharata

iti guhyatamaṃ śāstramidamuktaṃ mayā’nagha |etadbuddhvā buddhimān syātkṛtakṛtyaśca bhārata ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

Our explanation Krishna closes the chapter. He calls this the most secret teaching (śāstra) and says he has now told it to Arjuna, whom he calls sinless. Knowing it, he says, a person becomes wise and has done all there is to do, Bharata.

हिंदी अर्थ कृष्ण अध्याय पूरा करते हैं। वे इसे सबसे गुप्त शास्त्र कहते हैं और कहते हैं कि उन्होंने इसे निष्पाप अर्जुन को बता दिया है। वे कहते हैं कि हे भारत, इसे जानकर मनुष्य बुद्धिमान और कृतकृत्य (जिसने करने योग्य सब कर लिया) हो जाता है।

Word by word

Every word, with its dictionary page

Word by word

इति iti · thus (indeclinable) Dictionary: 2. iti, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 165, col. 1 “in this manner, thus”
गुह्यतमम् guhyatamam · most secret (superlative, nominative singular) Dictionary: guhya, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 360, col. 3 “private, secret, mysterious, mystical”; 2. tama, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 438, col. 2 “an affix forming the superl. degree of adjectives”
शास्त्रम् śāstram · teaching (nominative singular) Dictionary: śāstra, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1069, col. 1 “teaching, instruction, direction, advice, good counsel”
इदम् idam · this (pronoun, nominative singular) Dictionary: 1. idam, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 165, col. 2 “this, this here, referring to something near the speaker”
उक्तम् uktam · has been told (past participle, nominative singular) Dictionary: ukta, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 171, col. 3 “uttered, said, spoken”
मया mayā · by "me" (Krishna) (pronoun, instrumental singular) Dictionary: 1. mad, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 777, col. 2 “base of the first pers. pron. in the sg. number (esp. in comp.)”
अनघ anagha · O sinless one (Arjuna) (vocative singular) Dictionary: an-agha, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 24, col. 2 “sinless; faultless”
एतत् etat · this (pronoun, accusative singular) Dictionary: etad, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 231, col. 2 “this, this here, here”
बुद्ध्वा buddhvā · having understood (absolutive ('having done')) Dictionary: 1. budh, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 733, col. 2 “to perceive, notice, learn, understand, become or be aware of”
बुद्धिमान् buddhimān · wise (nominative singular) Dictionary: buddhi-mat, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 734, col. 1 “endowed with understanding, intelligent, learned, wise”
स्यात् syāt · would be, becomes (optative, 3rd person singular) Dictionary: 1. as, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 117, col. 2 “to be, live, exist, be present”
कृतकृत्यः kṛtakṛtyaḥ · one who has done all to be done (compound, nominative singular) Dictionary: kṛta-kṛtya, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 302, col. 1 “one who has done his duty or accomplished a business”
च ca · and (indeclinable) Dictionary: 2. ca, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 380, col. 1 “and, both, also, moreover, as well as”
भारत bhārata · O descendant of Bharata (Arjuna) (vocative singular) Dictionary: bhārata, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 753, col. 1 “a descendant of Bharata”

3 printings differ

Edition differences. Another printing or text reads this place differently.

The printed edition reads: इति गुह्यतमं शास्त्रमिदमुक्तं मयाऽनघ ।
एतद्बुध्वा बुद्धिमान् स्यात्कृतकृत्यश्च भारत ॥ The print shows एतद्बुध्वा, with no द before ध (the conjunct द्ध has lost its द); corrected to एतद्बुद्ध्वा, because the absolutive of budh is buddhvā (बुद्ध्वा), which both proofreading references read. The dot at the top of ध is part of this type's half-form ध् in the ligature ध्व, as in ऊर्ध्व (15.1) and ऊर्ध्वं (15.2); it is not an anusvara and not a speck. The rest of the line is as printed.
Spelling A digital text reads Same words. The 1922 edition marks the merged vowel with an avagraha (मयाऽनघ); this e-text does not.
Spelling A digital text reads Same letters. The 1922 edition prints बुद्धिमान् स्यात् as two words; the e-text joins them.

Bhagavad Gita 15.20: meaning and translation

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