Bhagavad Gita 8.21 Meaning: Avyaktokshara ityuktastamahuh

Bhagavad Gita 8.21

अव्यक्तोऽक्षर इत्युक्तस्तमाहुः परमां गतिम् ।यं प्राप्य न निवर्तन्ते तद्धाम परमं मम ॥

Avyaktokshara ityuktastamahuh paramam gatimYam prapya na nivartante taddhama paramam mama

avyakto’kṣara ityuktastamāhuḥ paramāṃ gatim |yaṃ prāpya na nivartante taddhāma paramaṃ mama ||

How to read these English letters (IAST)

Our explanation Krishna says that this unmanifest is called the imperishable (akṣara) and the highest goal, that those who reach it do not return, and that it is his supreme abode.

हिंदी अर्थ कृष्ण कहते हैं कि वह अव्यक्त अक्षर (अविनाशी) कहलाता है और उसे परम गति कहते हैं; जो उसे पा लेते हैं, वे लौटते नहीं; और वही उनका परम धाम है।

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Word by word

अव्यक्तः avyaktaḥ · the unmanifest (nominative singular) Dictionary: a-vyakta, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 111, col. 2 “undeveloped, not manifest, unapparent, indistinct, invisible”
अक्षरः akṣaraḥ · the imperishable (nominative singular) Dictionary: a-kṣara, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 3, col. 2 “imperishable; unalterable”
इति iti · thus (indeclinable) Dictionary: 2. iti, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 165, col. 1 “in this manner, thus”
उक्तः uktaḥ · is called (past participle, nominative singular) Dictionary: ukta, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 171, col. 3 “uttered, said, spoken”
तम् tam · it (pronoun, accusative singular) Dictionary: tad, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 434, col. 1 “m. he, f. she, n. it, that, this”
आहुः āhuḥ · (they) call (perfect form, present sense, 3rd person plural) Dictionary: 1. ah, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 124, col. 1 “to say, speak”
परमाम् paramām · highest (accusative singular (feminine)) Dictionary: parama, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 588, col. 1 “chief, highest, primary, most prominent or conspicuous”
गतिम् gatim · goal (accusative singular (feminine)) Dictionary: gati, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 347, col. 3 “going, moving, gait, deportment, motion in general”
यम् yam · which (relative pronoun, accusative singular) Dictionary: yad, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 844, col. 2 “who, which, what, whichever, whatever, that”
प्राप्य prāpya · having reached (absolutive ('having done')) Dictionary: prāp, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 707, col. 2 “to attain to, reach, arrive at, meet with, find”
न na · not (indeclinable) Dictionary: 2. na, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 523, col. 1 “not, no, nor, neither”
निवर्तन्ते nivartante · (they) return (present, 3rd person plural) Dictionary: ni-vṛt, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 560, col. 1 “to turn back, stop; to return from”
तत् tat · that (pronoun, nominative singular) Dictionary: tad, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 434, col. 1 “m. he, f. she, n. it, that, this”
धाम dhāma · abode (nominative singular) Dictionary: dhāman, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 514, col. 3 “dwelling-place, house, abode, domain”
परमम् paramam · supreme (nominative singular) Dictionary: parama, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 588, col. 1 “chief, highest, primary, most prominent or conspicuous”
मम mama · "my" (Krishna's) (pronoun, genitive singular) Dictionary: 1. mad, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 777, col. 2 “base of the first pers. pron. in the sg. number (esp. in comp.)”

Cf. Kathopanishad, p. 149; and also p. 112 infra. ↩

Bhagavad Gita 8.21: meaning and translation

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